实验三-动物性食品生物性污染的检验.pptVIP

实验三、动物性食品生物性污染 物的检验 动物性食品卫生学实验 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 一.生物性污染的来源 微生物污染 (microorganism pollution ) 寄生虫污染 (parasitical pollution ) 昆虫污染 (insectical pollution ) Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 内源性污染 外源性污染 外源性生物性污染是动物性食品微生物污染的主要途径 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 二.生物性污染的评价指标 菌落总数 细菌总数 大肠菌群值（MPN） 致病菌检测(PCR法) 其他 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 实验目的 掌握动物性食品菌落总数、大肠菌群测定及常见致病菌PCR检测的原理、步骤和方法 了解动物性食品菌落总数的卫生标准，进行卫生判定 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 1.鲜乳的微生物学检验 菌落总数的测定 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 注 意 事 项 无菌操作 稀释度的选择 平均菌落数在30-300之间的稀释度为宜； 每个稀释度作两个平皿 记数要求 30-300 ＞300 ＜ 30 ＞300或＜ 30 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 2.鲜乳大肠菌群值的测定 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 报 告 根据证实为大肠菌群阳性的管数，查MPN检索表，报告每100mL(g)检样中大肠菌群的最可能数。 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 3. 常见致病菌的快速检测 ——SE的PCR检测 原 理 以扩增的DNA分子为模板，以一对分别与模板互补的寡核苷酸片段为引物，在DNA聚合酶的作用下，按半保留复制的机制沿着模板链延伸直至完成新的DNA合成。不断重复这一过程，可使目的DNA片段得到扩增。因为新合成的DNA也可以作为模板，因而PCR可使DNA的合成量呈指数增长。 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile . Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. PCR的基本成分 模板DNA 特异性引物(SEF14) 热稳定DNA聚合酶 dNTP 二价阳离子 缓冲液 过 程 (高温变性、低温退火、中温延伸) Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides