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2012 LCA of waste prevention activities A case study for drinking water in Italy.pdf

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2012 LCA of waste prevention activities A case study for drinking water in Italy

at SciVerse ScienceDirect Journal of Environmental Management 108 (2012) 73e83Contents lists availableJournal of Environmental Management journal homepage: www.elsevier .com/locate/ jenvmanLCA of waste prevention activities: A case study for drinking water in Italy Simone Nessi*, Lucia Rigamonti, Mario Grosso Politecnico di Milano, DIIAR Environmental Section, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italya r t i c l e i n f o Article history: Received 10 October 2011 Received in revised form 3 April 2012 Accepted 17 April 2012 Available online 30 May 2012 Keywords: Life cycle assessment (LCA) Waste prevention Tap water Refilling system Reusable bottle Bottle to bottle recycling* Corresponding author. Tel.: t39 02 E-mail addresses: simone.nessi@mail.polimi.it polimi.it (L. Rigamonti), mario.grosso@polimi.it (M. G 0301-4797/$ e see front matter 2012 Elsevier Ltd. doi:10.1016/j.jenvman.2012.04.025a b s t r a c t The strategic relevance of waste prevention has considerably increased worldwide during recent years, such that the current European legislation requires the preparation of national waste prevention pro- grammes in which reduction objectives and measures are identified. In such a context, it is possible to recognise how, in order to correctly evaluate the environmental consequences of a prevention activity, a life cycle perspective should be employed. This allows us to go beyond the simple reduction of the generated waste which, alone, does not automatically imply achieving better overall environmental performance, especially when this reduction is not pursued through the simple reduction of consumption. In this study, the energetic and environmental performance of two waste prevention activities considered particularly meaningful for the Italian context were evaluated using life cycle assessment (LCA) methodology. The two activities were the utilisation of public network water (two scenarios) and of refillable bottled water (two scenarios) for d