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Proposal of a Signature Scheme Based on STS Trapdoor
Proposal of a Signature Scheme Based on
STS Trapdoor
Shigeo Tsujii1, Masahito Gotaishi1, Kohtaro Tadaki1,2, and Ryo Fujita1
1 Research Development Initiative, Chuo University
2 JST CREST
1–13–27 Kasuga, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 112–8551, Japan
Abstract. A New digital signature scheme based on Stepwise Trian-
gular Scheme (STS) is proposed. The proposed trapdoor has resolved
the vulnerability of STS and secure against both Gro?bner Bases and
Rank Attacks. In addition, as a basic trapdoor, it is more efficient than
the existing systems. With the efficient implementation, the Multivariate
Public Key Cryptosystems (MPKC) signature public key has the signa-
ture longer than the message by less than 25 %, for example.
Keywords: public key cryptosystem, multivariate polynomial, multi-
variate public key cryptosystem, stepwise triangular scheme, digital
signature.
1 Introduction
Various kinds of Multivariate Public Key Cryptosystem (MPKC) are actively
developed worldwide. Like traditional cryptosystems such as RSA or ElGamal,
MPKCs are used both for encryption and signature. Historically most of them
are based on either of the two basic trapdoors:
(i) MI-HFE Trapdoor (Matsumoto, Imai, Patarin)
The development of the first MPKC in the world had been launched around
1983 by Matsumoto and Imai [24]. The new cryptosystem, which is widely
known as “Matsumoto-Imai cryptosystem” (MI), was proposed in EURO-
CRYPT in 1988 [25]. MI was successfully cryptanalyzed by Patarin [27].
Patarin has extended the idea of MI further and proposed Hidden Field
Equation (HFE) cryptosystem in 1996 [28]. Both MI and HFE are applied
to signature schemes, resulting in SFLASH and QUARTZ [7,31]. Although
SFLASH was accepted as one of the final selections for the NESSIE, it was
cryptanalyzed by Shamir et al. [14] in 2007. QUARTZ was one of the can-
didates for short digital signatures of NESSIE, but it consumes so much
memory that it is difficult to implement in a practical system.
(ii) STS Trapdoor (Tsujii, et
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