地球物理学基础作业01.docVIP

地球物理学基础（2013） 作业01 布置时间：2013-9-17(周二) 交作业时间：2013-9-24（周二） 1. 将下面的英文翻译成中文 Although the many advances in geophysical research depend strongly on the aid of computer science, the fundamental principles of geophysical methods remain the same; they constitute the foundation on which progress is based. In revising this textbook, I have heeded the advice of teachers who have used it and who recommended that I change as little as possible and only as much as necessary (to paraphrase medical advice on the use of medication). The reviews of the first edition, the feedback from numerous students and teachers, and the advice of friends and colleagues helped me greatly in deciding what to do. The structure of the book has been changed slightly compared to the first edition. The final chapter on geodynamics has been removed and its contents integrated into the earlier chapters, where they fit better. Text-boxes have been introduced to handle material that merited further explanation, or more extensive treatment than seemed appropriate for the body of the text. Two appendices have been added to handle more adequately the three-dimensional wave equation and the cooling of a half-space, respectively. At the end of each chapter is a list of review questions that should help students to evaluate their knowledge of what they have read. Each chapter is also accompanied by a set of exercises. They are intended to provide practice in handling some of the numerical aspects of the topics discussed in the chapter. They should help the student to become more familiar with geophysical techniques and to develop a better understanding of the fundamental principles. 2. Write down Kepler’s three laws of planetary motion. Which law is a result of the conservation of momentum? Which law is a result of the conservation of energy? 3. What are the Lame constants in seismic theory? 4. Calculate the bulk modulus(K),the shear modulus(μ) and Poisson’s ratio (υ) for the lower crust ,uppe