鱼腥草地上茎粗提物的抑菌活性研究_学位论文.doc

鱼腥草地上茎粗提物的抑菌活性研究 摘 要 鱼腥草为三白草科（Saururaceae）蕺菜多年生草本植物，在我国多分布于中部、东南及西南部各省。鱼腥草内含挥发油、黄酮、蛋白质、维生素等多种化学成分。目前对鱼腥草的抑菌活性研究多是全株研究。因此，为了更进一步考查鱼腥草茎各部分的抑菌活性，本试验主要对鱼腥草的地上茎的抑菌活性进行试验研究。 本研究以鱼腥草地上茎为原料，用95 %乙醇进行粗提得到乙醇浸膏，再依次用石油醚、乙酸乙酯、正丁醇为溶剂对乙醇浸膏的水悬浮液进行萃取，依次得到四种粗提物，即石油醚粗提物、乙酸乙酯粗提物、正丁醇粗提物和水液粗提物。采用滤纸片法测定了四种粗提物分别对金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌、酵母菌、黑曲霉四种菌种的抑菌活性。结果表明，鱼腥草地上茎粗提物对四种菌种均有不同程度的抑制作用。 ABSTRACT Houttuynia cordata is perennial herbs of Saururaceae and is extencively cultivated in central, southwest and southeast provinces of China. There are a lot of chemical constituents in the houttuynia cordata, including volatile oils, flavonoids, protein, vitamin and so on. At present,the antibacterial activity of Houttuynia cordata was studyed in whole-plant way.In order to better understand antibacterial activity in different parts of the stem,the inhibitory experiment of crude extract of houttuynia stems on the ground were studied in this paper. Ethanol extractive was extracted with 95% ethanol from houttuynia cordata powder. Then the extractive was dissolved in the water. According to the polarity of organic solvent, four solution that is petroleum ether, ethyl acetate, n-butyl alcohol extracted in the water solution in turn. That are petroleum ether extractive, ethyl acetate extractive, butanol extractive and water-liquid extractive. Filter paper method was applied, which determined the rejection capability of four extractive to Staphylococlus aureus, E. coli, Microzyme, Aspergillus niger respectively. The results showed that crude extract of houttuynia stems on the ground had the various degree inhibitory activity to four strains. Key words Houttuynia cordata，，activity，nticrobial minimum dosage，摘 要 Ⅰ ABSTRACT Ⅱ 1 绪论 1 1.1 课题背景 1 1.1.1 鱼腥草的生物学特性 1 1.1.2 中国的鱼腥草资源分布情况 1 1.2 鱼腥草的研究现状及开发应用概况 1 1.2.1 鱼腥草的化学成分研究概况 1 1.2.2 鱼腥草在临床中的应用概况 2 1.2.3 鱼腥草在食品工业中的应用概况 3 1.2.4 鱼腥草在其它领域中的应用概况 4 1.3 鱼腥草的药用价值研究概况 5 1.3.1 抗菌作用 5 1.3.2 抗病毒作用 5 1.3.3 增强机体免疫功能 5 1.3.4抗炎镇痛作用 5 1.3.5 抗过敏作用 6 1.3.6其它 6 1.3.7 毒副作用 6 1.4 鱼腥