国防科大版离散数学习题答案.docxVIP

第一章集合习题1.11. {0, 1, 2, 3, 4}{11, 13, 17, 19}{12, 24, 36, 48, 64}2. {x | x N 且x 100}Ev = {x | x N 且2整除x }Od = {x | x N 且2不能整除x }{y | 存在x I 使得 y = 10 x } 或 {x | x/10 I }3. 极小化步骤省略①{0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9} A ；②若, A，则 A 。或①{0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9} A ；②若 A 且 a {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}，则a A 。或①{0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9} A ；②若 A 且 a {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}，则a A 。①{0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9} A ；②若, A 且 0，则 A 。c)①若a {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}，则 a. A ；②若 A 且 a {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}，则a A ；若 A 且 a {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}，则a A 。或①{0., 1., 2., 3., 4., 5., 6., 7., 8., 9.} A ；②若 A 且 a {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}，则a A ；若 A 且 a {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}，则a A 。d)①{0, 10} A ；②若 A，则1 A ；若, A 且 0，则 A 。e)Ev定义如下：①{0} Ev或0 Ev ；②若 Ev，则+2 Ev 。Od定义如下：①{1} Od或1 Od ；②若 Od，则+2 Od 。f)①{0} A 或 0 A ；②若 A，则 A 。4. A = G；C = F；B = E。5. 题号是否正确 a) b)（空集不含任何元素） c) d) e) f) g) h)6. 题号是否正确 a)（反例：A = {a}；B = ；C = {{a}} ） b)（反例：A = ；B = {}；C = {} ） c)（反例：A = ；B = {a}；C = {} ） d)（反例：A = ；B = {}；C = {{}} ）能。例如：B = A {A} 。8.；{1}；{2}；{3}；{1, 2}；{1, 3}；{2, 3}；{1, 2, 3}；；{1}；{{2, 3}}；{1, {2, 3}}；；{{1, {2, 3}}}；；{}；；{}；{{}}；{, {}}；；{{1, 2}}；；{{, 2}}；{{2}}；{{, 2}, {2}}；9.{，{a}，{{b}}，{a, {b}}}；{，{1}，{}，{1, }}；{，{x}，{y}，{z}，{x, y}，{x, z}，{y, z}，{x, y, z}}；{，{}，{a}，{{a}}，{, a}，{, {a}}，{a, {a}}，{, a, {a}}}。习题1.21.A ~B = {4}；(A B) ~C = {1, 3, 5}；~ (A B) = {2, 3, 4, 5}；~A ~B = {2, 3, 4, 5}；(A – B) – C = ；A – (B – C) = {4}；(A B) C = {5}；(A B) (B C) = {1, 2}。2.B C 或 B – E ；A D ；(A – B) C ；C – B 或C – A ；(A C) (E – B) 或 (A – E) (E – B)；3.证明：对于任意x A C，因为x A C，所以x A或x C。若x A，则由于A B，因此x B；若x C，则由于C D，因此x D。所以，x B或x D，即x B D。所以，A C B D。类似可证A C B D。d)A – (B C) = A ~ (B C) = A (~ B ~C) = (A A) (~ B ~C)= (A ~B) (A ~C) = (A – B) (A – C)f)A – (A – B) = A ~ (A – B) = A ~ (A ~B) = A (~ A B)= (A ~A) (A B) = (A B) = A B4. ) 若A = B，则A B = A且 A B = A。因此，A B = (A B) – (A