AerosolSampling.ppt

Aerosol Sampling Danielle Hall April 17th, 2008 Introduction Why is aerosol sampling important? What are some of the things that we are looking for when we sample? How is sampling air different than sampling soil or water? What are some considerations? Aerosol Measurement Direct-Reading Measurements Optical Particle Counters Condensation particle counter Time-of-flight particle sizers Quartz crystal microbalance Beta gauge Piezobalance Beta Gauge Aerosol Measurement Collection and Analysis Measurements Most common collection media are filters. Filters are subsequently analyzed by either gravimetric, chemical or biological methods. Inertial separating devices classify particles based on their inertial properties (size) such as cyclones and impactors. Classifying by size allows for the determination of the particle size distribution. Aerosol Sampling System Aerosol Sampling system consists of: Sample inlet Transport system Sample storage It is desirable to have a representative sample from the original environment at the time of measurement. What are some factors that could affect this condition? Factors that affect sampling Deposition in the inlet Deposition during transport and storage Agglomeration of particles Evaporation and/or condensation of aerosol Re-entrainment of deposited aerosol All of these factors should be accounted for so that the measurements made can be corrected and to ensure accuracy. Sample Extraction The withdraw of an aerosol from the environment requires making a particle enter the sampling system. The efficiency at which this is done is called the inlet efficiency and is dependent on: Ambient gas velocity Inlet geometry (size and position) Sampling gas velocity Particles aerodynamic diameter Sample Extraction ?inlet=?aspiration * ?transmission ?aspiration: Concentration of particles of a certain size entering the inlet over their concentration in the ambient= C/C0 ?transmission : Number of particles of a certain size transmitted