流量为270t每小时 水油浮头式换热器的设计大学学位论文.doc

摘要270t/h，壳程的工作温度为180℃，管程的工作温度为100℃。本次设计主要分为两个部分，第一部分传热工艺的计算，第二部分强度的计算。在传热计算工艺中，包括有传热面积的计算，传热量、传热系数的确定和换热器内径以及换热管型号的选择，以及传热系数、压降及壁温的验算等等问题。在强度计算中主要讨论的有筒体、管箱、封头、管板厚度计算及折流板、法兰、垫片和接管、支座、分隔板等零部件的设计，安装，组合，还要进行一些强度校核。本设计是按照 GB151《管壳式换热器》和 GB150《钢制压力容器》设计的。换热器在工、农业的各个领域应用十分广泛，在日常生活中传热设备也随处可见，是不可能缺少的工艺设备之一。随着研究的深入，工业上的应用也取得了惊人的成果。 随着社会的进步与科技的发展，换热器的设计技术也在不断的更新，现有的科研成果以后的前景必将更加美好，给生活带来了很大的方便。换热器作为传热设备随处可见，在工业中应用尤为普遍，特别是耗能用量非常大的领域，随着节能技术的快速发展，换热器的种类开发也越来越多。换热器是在化学、石油化学及石油炼制工业以及其他一些行业中普遍使用的热量交换设备，它不仅可以单独作为加热器、冷却器使用，而且是一些化工单元操作的重要附属设备，因此在化工生产中也占有非常重要的地位。 关键词: 浮头式换热器; 换热管; 加热器 Abstract This design mainly discussed heat principles , and heat calculation and heat parameters ,the heat characteristic and heat calculation and heat parameters ,the structure and the size under the given conditions. In industrial production, the main effect of heat exchange equipment is made by high temperature heat fluid is passed to the lower temperature of fluid, the fluid temperature can reach the indexes of the process regulation, in order to meet the needs of the process on . In the heat exchanger tube and shell heat exchanger is the most widely used, a heat exchange equipment has as a standard heat exchange equipment. This design is floating head heat exchanger, it is made up of tube box 、tube sheet、shell、heat exchange tube、baffle plate、draw bar、spacer pipe、hook circle、floating head cover and so on. One tube sheet of the exchanger is connected with shell, and the other tube sheet is floating tube sheet. So it’s easy to check and clean. On the other hand the structure of it complex. The shell side of heat exchanger design medium for water, in the medium passes for oil. The shell side of the flow rate of 270 t/h, the working temperature is 180℃, monitor the working temperature is 100℃. In eight pieces of baffle are installed on the structure, to increase the turbulence velocity of the fluid. The diameter of the baffle plate is usually 0.2-1.0 times the diameter of shell. Nozzle flange all ch