四级翻译练习探讨.doc

目 录 1. 家庭暴力 2. 留守儿童 3. 毕业后就结婚 4. 青奥会 5. 毛笔 6. 睡眠 7. 乒乓 8. 中国式送礼 9. 平遥古城 10. 剩女 11. 中餐 12. 控制情绪 13. 三手烟 14. 七夕 15. 吃火锅 16. 赠送礼物 17. 下午茶 18. 功夫茶 19. 筷子历史 20. 八大菜系 21. 京剧 22. 风水 23. 十二生肖 24. 李白 25. 胡同 26. 丝绸之路 27. 中国假期 28. 中国扇子 29. 洛阳 30. 中国经济 1. 【翻译原文】 　　家庭暴力(domestic violence)指的是在亲密关系(intimate relationship)中一方对另一方的虐待。通常来说，受害者是儿童和妇女。在中国古代，人们认为男人有权利惩罚他的孩子和妻子。广义上讲，家庭暴力不局限于明显的身体暴力，它也有许多其他的形式。关于家庭暴力产生的原因，出现了许多不同的理论，比如犯罪者的性格和心理特征。外部因素也有影响，比如犯罪者所处的环境。然而，没有一种理论能涵盖所有情况。 　　参考译文： 　　Domestic violence refers to the abuse by one partner against another in an intimate relationship. Commonly the victims are children and women. In ancient China, people believe that a man has the right to punish his children and wife. In a broad sense, domestic violence is not limited to obvious physical violence. There are many other forms of violence. Many different theories are brought up as to the causes of domestic violence, such as the perpetrators personality and mental characteristics. External factors also play a part, such as the perpetrators surroundings. However, no theory seems to cover all cases. 2. 【翻译原文】 　　大多数时候，留守儿童(leftover children)的问题很大程度上源于缺乏父母的情感关怀。通常，孩子由祖父母或父母的朋友、亲戚照顾。在大多数情况下，他们的监护人(guardian)没有受过很好的教育。对他们来说，确保孩子健康、吃得好是极重要的任务。只要孩子平安无事，他们就被认为做得很好了。监护人很少关心孩子的学习、心理需求或精神需求。他们也不花时间教孩子如何养成良好的习惯。 　　【参考译文】 　　Most of the time, problems of the leftover children largely arise from a lack of emotional care from their parents. Usually, the childrens grandparents or their parents friends or relatives look after these children. In most cases, their guardians are not well educated. To them，making sure that the children are healthy and fed well is the most important task. As long as the children are safe and sound，they are considered to have done a good job. Guardians seldom care about childrens study，psychological needs, or mental demands. Neither do they spend some time to teach kids how to develop good habits. 3. 【翻译原文】 　　越来越多来自北京、上海、广州、沈阳和其他一些大城市的大学生选择毕业后就结婚。这与20世纪80年代和90年代的情况形成了鲜明的对