Estimates on the number of eigenvalues of two-particle discrete Schrodinger operators.pdf

a r X i v : m a t h - p h / 0 5 0 1 0 3 6 v 1 1 2 J a n 2 0 0 5 ESTIMATES ON THE NUMBER OF EIGENVALUES OF TWO-PARTICLE DISCRETE SCHRO?DINGER OPERATORS SERGIO ALBEVERIO 1,2,3 , SAIDAKHMAT N. LAKAEV 4,5 , AND JANIKUL I. ABDULLAEV 5 ABSTRACT. Two-particle discrete Schro?dinger operators H(k) = H0(k) ? V on the three-dimensional lattice Z 3, k being the two-particle quasi-momentum, are considered. An estimate for the number of the eigenvalues lying outside of the band of H0(k) via the number of eigenvalues of the potential operator V bigger than the width of the band of H0(k) is obtained. The existence of non negative eigenvalues below the band of H0(k) is proven for nontrivial values of the quasi-momentum k ∈ T3 ≡ (?π, π]3, provided that the operator H(0) has either a zero energy resonance or a zero eigenvalue. It is shown that the operator H(k), k ∈ T3, has infinitely many eigenvalues accumulating at the bottom of the band from below if one of the coordinates k(j), j = 1, 2, 3, of k ∈ T3 is π. Subject Classification: Primary: 81Q10, Secondary: 35P20, 47N50 Keywords and phrases: Spectral properties, two-particle, discrete Schro?dinger oper- ators, number of eigenvalues, band spectrum, Birman-Schwinger principle, zero energy resonance, zero eigenvalue, low-lying excitation spectrum. 1. INTRODUCTION The study of the low-lying excitation spectrum for lattice Hamiltonians of systems with an infinite number of degrees of freedom has recently attracted considerable attention (see, e.g., [7, 10, 20]). See also [3, 4, 5, 6, 9, 11, 13, 19] for general expositions and the discussion of particular problems of the theory of discrete Schro?dinger operators on lattices, including applications to solid state physics. The main aim of the present paper is to provide a thorough analysis of the dependence of the number of eigenvalues of a two-particle lattice Schro?dinger operator with emphasis on its non-trivial dependence on the total quasi-momentum and threshold phenomena. In the