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Evidence for Quantum Phase Slip Events in Superconducting Nanowires at High Bias Current
1
Evidence for Quantum Phase Slip Events in Superconducting
Nanowires at High Bias Current
Mitrabhanu Sahu1, Myung-Ho Bae1, Andrey Rogachev1, 2, David Pekker1, 3,
Tzu-Chieh Wei1, 4, Nayana Shah1, Paul M. Goldbart1 and Alexey Bezryadin1
1Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign
2Department of Physics, University of Utah
3Department of Physics, Harvard University
4Institute for Quantum Computing and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University
of Waterloo
Slips in the phase of the superconducting order-parameter field are the cause of
energy dissipation and quantum decoherence in thin superconducting nanowires.
At low temperatures, these phase slips are expected to occur via quantum tunneling
of the order-parameter field. The precise conditions for the occurrence of such
tunneling have not been established firmly. We address the challenge of observing
quantum phase slips via measurements of the distribution of switching currents—
the high-bias currents at which superconductivity gives way to resistive behavior. In
Mo79Ge21 nanowires we observe a monotonic increase in the width of this
distribution with decreasing temperature, which is consistent with a model that
incorporates Joule-heating from stochastically-occurring phase slips. This model
suggests that the phase predominantly slips via thermal activation at high
temperatures but via quantum tunneling at low temperatures. At sufficiently low
temperatures, switching is caused by individual quantum phase-slip events.
2
Quantum phenomena involving systems far larger than individual atoms are one
of the most exciting fields of modern physics. Initiated by Leggett more than twenty-five
years ago (1-3), the field has seen widespread development, important realizations being
furnished, e. g., by macroscopic quantum tunneling (MQT) of the phase in Josephson
junctions, and of the magnetization in magnetic nanoparticles (4-7). More recently, the
breakth
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