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Development and Family Studies, Colorado State
Journal of Family Psychology
1997, Vol. 11, No. 3, 373-377
Copyright 1997 by the American Psychological Association, Inc.
0893-3200/97/53.00
Client Gender as a Process Variable in Marriage
and Family Therapy: Are Women Clients
Interrupted More Than Men Clients?
Ronald Jay Werner-Wilson
Colorado State University
Sharon J. Price
The University of Georgia
Toni S. Zimmerman and Megan J. Murphy
Colorado State University
Influenced by language and therapeutic discourse as well as the feminist critique of
marriage and family therapy, the authors conducted research to evaluate conversa-
tional power in marriage and family therapy. Research on interruptions has received
the most empirical attention, so the authors examined videotaped therapy sessions to
see if women clients were interrupted more than men clients. This strategy
integrated scholarship on gender and conversation into research on marriage and
family therapy process. Multivariate analysis of variance was used to examine the
different treatment of women and men clients; gender of therapist was used as a
control variable. Results indicated that marriage and family doctoral students
interrupted women clients three times more than men clients.
We conducted research to evaluate conversa-
tional power in marriage and family therapy.
This research was influenced by two themes:
language and therapeutic discourse as well as
the feminist critique of marriage and family
therapy. Empirical research has demonstrated
that men and women use different conversa-
tional tactics in cross-gender interactions.
Women, for example, frequently ask questions
and follow-up on topics introduced by men;
these tactics support conversation (Fishman,
1983). Men, on the other hand, are more likely
Ronald Jay Werner-Wilson, Toni S. Zimmerman,
and Megan J. Murphy, Department of Human
Development and Family Studies, Colorado State
University; Sharon J. Price, Department of Child and
Family Development, The University of Georgia.
Megan J. Murphy is
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