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Snap-together visualization coordinating multiple views to explore information
Snap-Together Visualization:
Coordinating Multiple Views to Explore Information
Chris North and Ben Shneiderman*
Human-Computer Interaction Lab, Institute for Advanced Computer Studies,
*Institute for Systems Research, Department of Computer Science
University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742 USA
north@, ben@
/hcil
ABSTRACT
Information visualizations with multiple coordinated views
enable users to rapidly explore complex data and discover
relationships. However, it is usually difficult for users to
find or create the coordinated visualizations they need.
Snap-Together Visualization allows users to coordinate
multiple views that are customized to their needs. Users
query their relational database and load results into desired
visualizations. Then they specify coordinations between
visualizations for selecting, navigating, or re-querying.
Developers can make independent visualization tools ‘snap-
able’ by including a few hooks.
KEYWORDS: User Interface, Coordination, Multiple
Views, Tightly Coupled, Information Visualization.
INTRODUCTION
The multiple coordinated views approach is a powerful and
increasingly-employed user-interface technique for
exploring information. Each view is a visualization of
some part of the information, and views are coordinated
(a.k.a. “tightly coupled”, or “linked”) so that they operate
together as a unified interface [NS97].
For example, Microsoft Word’s document-map feature
displays the table of contents of the text in an adjacent
frame. Selecting a heading in the map scrolls the document
text directly to that section. Likewise, scrolling the
document text highlights the current section in the map. A
second example, Windows Explorer actually has 3 views:
The left pane contains the directory hierarchy, the right
pane shows the detailed contents of a selected directory,
and (with “View as Web Page” on) also displays details of
a selected file including a miniature quick-view. In a more
advanced visualization, selecting a record in
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