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高中数学必须修读11-1-3集合的基本运算[全集与补集]
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观察集合A,B,C与D的关系:
A={菱形}
B={矩形}
C={平行四边形}
D={四边形}
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定 义
在研究集合与集合的关系时,
如果一些集合是某个给定集合
的子集,则称这个集合为全集.
全集常用U表示.
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A={菱形}
B={矩形}
C={平行四边形}
D={四边形}
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定 义
设U是全集,A是U的一个子集,
则由U中所有不属于A的元素组
成的集合叫作U中子集A的补集
记作
或(余集).
即
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U
A
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性质
(1)
(2)
U
Φ
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例题讲解
1. 设全集为R,
求
⑴
⑵
⑶
⑷
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⑺
⑸
⑹
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小 结
=
=
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2. 设全集为U=
求实数a的值.
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教材P12练习T1~4
作业练习
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