氧氢化钙羰基化合成甲酸钙的动力学研究及初步设计方案书本科论文.doc

氢氧化钙羰基化合成甲酸钙的动力学研究及初步设计 摘 要 甲酸钙的用途广泛，不仅是国内外新开发的一种饲料添加剂，适用于各类动物饲料中作酸化剂、防霉剂、抗菌剂、，还可以用作高硫燃料的脱硫剂、食品工业添加剂、石油工业钻探助剂、植物生长调节剂、水泥强悍剂、制革工业助剂，自从1998年农业部确定了甲酸钙作为饲料添加剂的合法地位后，对甲酸钙的合成研究引起了人们的广泛关注。 国内外市场研究表明，在仔猪日粮中添加1%～1.5%甲酸钙可以明显改善断奶仔猪生产性能。德国的研究发现，在断奶仔猪日粮中添加1.3%甲酸钙可以改善饲料转化率7%～8%，添加0.9%可减少仔猪腹泻的发生。郑建华(1994)在28日龄断奶仔猪的日粮中添加1.5%甲酸钙，饲养25d，仔猪日增重提高了7.3%，饲料转化率提高了2.53%，蛋白质和能量利用率分别提高了10.3%和9.8%，仔猪下痢显著减少。吴天星(2002)在三元杂交断奶仔猪日粮中添加1%甲酸钙，日增重提高了3%，饲料转化率提高了9%，仔猪腹泻率降低了45.7%。其他需要注意的是:甲酸钙的使用在断奶前后有效，这是因为仔猪自身分泌的盐酸随着年龄而加强;甲酸钙含有30%容易吸收的钙质，在配制饲料时要注意调整好钙磷的比例。 ?作为新型饲料添加剂。喂甲酸钙增重，用甲酸钙作仔猪饲料添加剂，能促进仔猪食欲和降低腹泻率。甲酸钙以中性形式添加于饲料中，仔猪采食后经消化道的生化作用，会游离出微量甲酸，从而达到降低胃肠道PH值的目的。起到促进消化道中有益菌群的生长，减少仔猪下疾的作用。在仔猪断奶后头几周，在饲料中添加1.5%的甲酸钙，可使仔猪生长速度提高12%以上，饲料转化率提高4%。 关键词：甲酸钙，猪饲料，一氧化碳，氢氧化钙 100,000 TONS OF CALCIUM FORMATE PREPARATION ABSTRACT A calcium widely used, not only is home to a newly developed feed additives, suitable for all types of animal feed acidifiers, preservatives, antibacterial agents, can also be used as ahigh-sulfur fuel desulfurization agent, food industry additives, oil industry drilling additives, plant growth regulators, cement powerful agent, leather industry chemicals, since 1998 the Ministry of Agriculture identified as a feed additive calcium formate legal status, on the synthesis of calcium formate aroused attention. Domestic and international market research showed that piglets add 1% to 1.5% Calcium can significantly improve the performance of weaned piglets. German study found that in weaned piglets add 1.3% calcium formate can improve feed conversion rate of 7% to 8%, adding 0.9 percent to reduce the incidence of diarrhea. Zheng Jianhua (1994) in 28-day-old weaned piglets diets supplemented with 1.5% calcium formate, feeding 25d, ADG increased by 7.3%, feed conversion rate of 2.53%, protein and energy utilization increased by 10.3% and 9.8%, a significant reduction in diarrhea in piglets. Wu Stars (2002) in crossbred piglets diets supplemented with 1% calcium formate, incr