]非谓语动词讲解简易.ppt

非谓语动词 谓语动词 非谓语动词是动词一种形式,可在句子中 充当谓语以外的其他成分 非谓语动词不受人称和数的限制 He likes music. He has nothing to do today. 非谓语动词 动名词 (-ing) 分词 不定式 ( to do) *注意： 1. 非谓语动词有时态和语态的变化 2. 否定形式： not + 非谓语动词 非谓语动词在句中起n, adj, adv的作用 现在分词 (-ing) 过去分词 ( -ed) 主语 宾语 表语 定语 补语 状语 动名词 V V V V 分词 V V V V 不定式 V V V V V V 语态 构成 动词 -ing 时态语态 时态 主动语态 被动语态 一般时 完成时 doing being done having done having been done 性质 相当于一个名词，有动词性质 adj. adv性质 句中成分 主、宾、表、定 表、定、补、状 动名词 现在分词 一、分词 1、分词的种类： 现在分词和过去分词 2、分词的时态和语态 write (及物动词) 语态 时态 主动语态 被动语态 一般式 writing being written 完成式 having written having been written 说明：1）现在分词有一般式和完成式，且有主动和被动之分，一般式表示和谓语动作所表示的动作同时发生的动作，完成式表示在谓语动词所表示的动作之前发生的动作。 2）过去分词表示在谓语动作之前发生的动作，本身有被动含义，所以只有一般式，没有完成式。过去分词：即动词的过去分词 3）现在分词表主动，表进行；而过去分词表被动，表 完成。, the developing/ developed country ; the exciting news/ the excited people 体会下列各句 Being a student, he is interested in books. Having studied in the university for 3 years, he knows the place very well. The question being discussed is important. Having been criticized by the teacher, Li Ming gave up smoking. Not having found the wallet, he dared not go home. Not daring to speak, they sat there silent. He escaped, not seen by anyone. a moving story exciting news frightening voice a moved student an excited boy a frightened voice 这类表示感觉的及物动词，其现在分词表示主动，即“令人有某种感觉”，过去分词表示被动，即“人被引起某种感觉” The girl let out a frightened cry at the sight of the snake. (The girl was frightened.) His frightening shout scared the boys away. (The shout was frightening and the boys felt frightened.) 分词的否定：not+ 分词 吓人的声音 受惊吓的声音 3.分词的作用 分词在句中起形容词和副词的作用，可作定语、表语、宾语补足语和状语。 1) 作定语 单个分词作定语常放在被修饰词前面，分词短语作定语要放在被修饰词的后面。 Are there any living things on the moon? I bought some painted chairs. Do you know the man sitting there? Everybody attended the meeting held last week. 2）作表语 The story is very interesting. Our classroom is crowded. 3)作宾语补足语 We saw him climbing a tree. I’m so