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A realistic two-lane traffic model for highway traffic
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A realistic two-lane traffic model for highway traffic
W Knospe?, L Santen?, A Schadschneider§ and
M Schreckenberg?
? Theoretische Physik FB 10, Gerhard-Mercator-Universita?t Duisburg,
Lotharstr. 1, D-47048 Duisburg, Germany
?Fachrichtung Theoretische Physik, Universita?t des Saarlandes, Postfach 151150,
66041 Saarbru?cken, Germany
§ Institut fu?r Theoretische Physik, Universita?t zu Ko?ln, Zu?lpicher Str. 77,
D-50937 Ko?ln, Germany
PACS numbers: 45.70, 05.60, 02.50
Abstract. A two-lane extension of a recently proposed cellular automaton
model for traffic flow is discussed. The analysis focuses on the reproduction of the
lane usage inversion and the density dependence of the number of lane changes.
It is shown that the single-lane dynamics can be extended to the two-lane case
without changing the basic properties of the model which are known to be in good
agreement with empirical single-vehicle data. Therefore it is possible to reproduce
various empirically observed two-lane phenomena, like the synchronization of the
lanes, without fine-tuning of the model parameters.
1. Introduction
In [1] a cellular automaton model for traffic flow is proposed that is based on the
Nagel and Schreckenberg (NaSch) model [2] and that is capable to reproduce all of
the empirically observed traffic states [3, 4], i.e., free flow, wide moving jams and
especially synchronized traffic (see [5, 6] for recent reviews on the modeling of traffic
flow). Moreover, the accordance of the model with the empirics can be found even
on a microscopic level of description. In [7] this degree of realism is underscored
by considering a more realistic simulation setup, i.e., a simulation of a two-lane
highway segment with an onramp. Empirical observations suggest [4, 8] that lane
changes are responsible for the occurrence of strong correlations of the velocity and
flow measurements between neig
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