Instantons and Spin-Flavor effects in Hadron Physics.pdf

a r X i v : 0 8 0 9 .4 7 7 3 v 2 [ h e p - p h ] 3 0 S e p 2 0 0 8 Instantons and Spin-Flavor effects in Hadron Physics N.I. Kochelev1 Bogoliubov Laboratory of Theoretical Physics, Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Moscow region, 141980, Russia Abstract We discuss the role of instantons in the spectroscopy of ordinary and exotic hadrons as well as in high energy reactions. We argue that the instanton induced flavor- and spin-dependent quark-quark and quark-gluon interactions can explain many features of the hadron spectrum. The observed anomalous spin and flavor effects in various reactions with hadrons can also be understood within the instanton model for QCD vacuum. Pacs: 12.38.Aw, 12.38.Lg, 12.39.Ba, 12.39.x Keywords: quarks, instanton,multiquark, high energy scattering 1kochelev@theor.jinr.ru 1 Introduction The existence of instanton, a strong nonperturbative fluctuation of gluon fields, in the QCD vacuum is considered as a primary factor of chiral and U(1)A symmetry violations (see reviews [1, 2]). A well-known example of an instanton induced interaction is the famous t’Hooft quark-quark interaction, which can be obtained from the consideration of the so-called quark zero-modes in the instanton field [3]. Another example for the instan- ton induced chirality-flip interaction is the non-perturbative quark-gluon chromomagnetic interaction [4, 2]. In this Letter we discuss the effects of these interactions in the hadron spectroscopy and reactions with hadrons. Our main purpose is to stress the importance of the instanton induced quark-quark and quark-gluon interactions in the spin and flavor structure of hadrons and in high energy reactions in a few GeV region for momentum transfer. 2 Instanton induced interaction and structure of ordinary and exotic hadrons Recently, the evidence for the existence of the exotic Θ+ pentaquark state with the strangeness S = +1 has been obtained. In spite of the unclear experimental status of this state at the pre