On Possibility of Higgs Mechanism Break Down Due to the Instantons.pdf

a r X i v : h e p - p h / 0 0 0 8 2 5 3 v 1 2 4 A u g 2 0 0 0 ON POSSIBILITY OF HIGGS MECHANISM BREAK DOWN DUE TO THE INSTANTONS Roman G. Shulyakovsky Institute of Physics, National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, F.Scorina av.,68, Minsk 220072 BELARUS e-mail: shul@dragon.bas-net.by ABSTRACT Two-dimensional Abelian Higgs model is considered. It is shown that Higgs mechanism of the gauge bosons masses generating is broken in presence of in- stantons. It is supposed that discussion can be generalized into the standard model of electroweak interactions. 1 Introduction It is well known that some field theories (including QCD and Weinberg-Salam model) have the degenerated vacuum structure on the classical level [1]. Un- equivalent classical vacua are characterized by different Chern-Simons numbers N and separated by the energy barriers. Amplitude of the tunneling through these barriers is nonzero if the theory admits instantons [2, 3] (classical finite- action Euclidean solutions). Thus classical degeneration disappears due to the instantons. The correct vacuum state is approximately linear combination of the naive classical vacua with different N . Ordinary perturbative theory corresponds to the N = 0. It is quite naturally that taking into account of the another vacua with N 6= 0 leads to the essential consequences. Let us remind the most important of them. 1. Instantons lead to the charge confinement in the 2-dimensional Abelian Higgs model [4] and 3-dimensional non-Abelian Higgs model [5]. 2.In the electroweak theory instantons induce baryon and lepton numbers violation [3] which can be connected with the matter and antimatter asymmetry of the Universe [6]. 3.In QCD instantons lead to the quark and gluon condensates formation, spontaneously break chiral symmetry, solve U(1)-problem [3]. It was suggested 1 that QCD-instantons can be produced in deep-inelastic scattering [7] and iden- tified by means of the analysis of the final states at HERA(DESY) [8]. We would