非谓语动词考点易混点讲述.ppt

动词不定式 动名词 分词 。 一 .不定式 构成： to+动词原形 在句中作用：除谓语动词外的任何成分 It‘s useful to learn English well=To learn English well is useful. 句型 it+be+ adj+ of/for sb+to do sth. It is important for us to protect the environment. 不定式作主语 不定式作主语，常用it替代，而将真正主语放在末尾 注意：在kind, good, nice, clever等修饰人品质的时候介词用of It is kind of you to help me. 一些谓语动词后只能跟不定式，这类词表命令，打算或者希望的 如：would like, like, want, wish, hope, plan, expect. Would you like to see a film this evening? 不定式作宾语 在find，think后跟不定式作宾语，常用it替代，而将真正宾语放于句末。 I find it easy to learn English everyday. 常见的不带to的不定式 Why not do…,why don’t you do, had better (not) do Would rather do, could/would/will you (not) do 注意：一些使役动词和感官动词也用动词不定式作宾补，这时要 省略to. 这些动词有：一感（feel)、二听（hear, listen to)、三让 （let, make, have)、四看（look at, watch, see, notice) 。但变 为被动语态时要加上to. 常跟不定式作宾语补足语的有ask, want, help, wish, teach, encourage, invite, warn, allow等。 eg: My mother encourages me to learn Japanese. 不定式作宾语补足语（与宾语有逻辑上的主谓关系) eg: Lucy asked him to turn down the radio. 不定式作宾语补足语 eg: The teacher was saw to enter the office 作定语 (与宾语有逻辑上动宾关系）： eg: There is nothing to worry about. 作状语（目的，结果，原因）： eg: He opened the door for her to come in. 作表语（常在be动词后，可与主语互换）： eg: His task is to learn hard = To learn hard is his task. 不定式作其他成分 疑问词+不定式（作主语或者宾语（可转化为宾语从句）） eg: can you tell me when to leave? = can you tell me when you will leave? 不定式的常见考点 Granny often tells us ＿ water in our daily life A. save B. saving C. to save D. saves It seems that it is going to rain. Youd better ＿an umbrella. A. take B. not take C. to take D. not to take Excuse me, Would you tell ＿ a map? where buy B. where to buy C. where can I buy D. how I can buy 动词后跟不定式还是动名词的搭配（放在易混点讲） 二.动名词 构成：动词原形+ing 用法：作主语、宾语、表语、定语 主语 宾语 表语 定语 eg: Eating much is bad for your health. 动词宾语：eg： I like playing basketball very much. 介词宾语：eg: The notebook is used for writing down notes. eg: His hobby is swimming. =swimming is his hobby. eg: she is in the re