42VLAN中继协议汇编.ppt

VLAN中继协议 VTP Overview The VLAN Trunk Protocol (VTP) is a proprietary Cisco protocol used to share configuration information between Cisco switches on trunk connections.（VTP信息只能通过Trunk链路传递） VTP allows switches to share and synchronize their VLAN information, which ensures that your network has a consistent VLAN configuration.（确保VLAN配置的一致性） VTP reduces manual configuration steps required at each switch to add a VLAN when the VLAN extends to other switches in the network.（减少配置量） VTP minimizes potential configuration mismatches and manages the addition, deletion, and renaming of a VLAN in a more secure fashion than making manual changes at every switch.（减少潜在的配置错误） The VTP Domain Group of switches that exchange VLAN information VLANs administered centrally at a chosen switch （VTP Server） The VTP Protocol Advertises VLAN configuration information Maintains VLAN configuration consistency throughout a common administrative domain Sends advertisements on trunk ports only VTP Modes Client Cannot create, change, or delete VLANs Forwards advertisements Synchronizes VLAN configurations Transparent Creates, modifies, and deletes local VLANs Forwards advertisements Does not synchronize VLAN configurations Server (default mode) Creates, modifies, and deletes VLANs Sends and forwards advertisements Synchronizes VLAN configurations 所谓同步就是采纳所接收到的VTP通告中的VLAN配置信息，从而更新自己本地VLAN数据库。 VTP同步规则 VTP配置版本号用来决定VTP是否接受同步，VTP初始配置版本号是0，服务器每执行一次VLAN操作，配置版本号加1，VTP通告中会携带配置版本号信息，VTP设备收到通告后，将自己的配置版本号与通告中的进行比较，如果自己的较小，则接受同步，并继承通告中的配置版本号，否则（大于或等于）会放弃同步。 透明模式下的配置版本号总是0，由于透明模式不会同步VLAN配置信息，所以配置版本号对它没有意义。如果要将一台VTP设备的配置版本号置0，可以先将其设为透明模式，然后再恢复到原来的模式。 VTP Operation VTP servers and clients are synchronized to the latest revision number. VTP advertisements are sent every 5 minutes or when there is a change. 实现VLAN配置的整体思路 Configure and verify VTP. Configure and verify 802.1Q trunks. Create or modify a VLAN on the VTP server switch. Assign switch ports to a VLAN and verify. Execute adds, moves, and changes.