BasebandTranceiver03SpringFrequencySynchronization.ppt

Frequency Synchronization Why Frequency Offset Correction The main problem with frequency offset is that it introduces interference among the multiplicity of carriers in the OFDM signal. The degradation is caused by two main phenomena : reduction of amplitude of the desired subcarrier and ICI caused by neighboring carriers. Two deleterious effects caused by freq.offset(1/2) Two deleterious effects caused by freq.offset(2/2) The first component experiences an amplitude reduction and phase shift due to the frequency offset. The second term is the ICI caused by the frequency offsset. OFDM transmitter and receiver Classification of Frequency Synchronization Algorithms(1/2) The frequency synchronization algorithms in OFDM systems can preliminary be classified as fellows: Processing domain: time or frequency Observation space: considering cyclic prefix or not Level of data-assistance: preamble-aided or pilot-aided Classification of Frequency Synchronization Algorithms(2/2) For WLAN applications, pilot 、preamble and cyclic prefix are used. The preamble and pilot allow the receiver to use efficient maximum likelihood algorithms to estimate and correct the frequency offset. Time Domain Approach for Frequency Synchronization(1/4) Reference T. M. Schmidl and D. C. Cox, “Robust frequency and timing synchronization for OFDM,” IEEE Trans. Comm., vol. 45, pp.1613 -1621, Dec. 1997. Time Domain Approach for Frequency Synchronization(2/4) Let the transmitted signal be sn, then the complex baseband model of the passband signal yn is Then the received complex base band signal rn is Where fΔ=ftx-frx is the difference between the transmitter and receiver carrier frequencies. Time Domain Approach for Frequency Synchronization(3/4) Let D be the delay between the identical samples of the