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Effective cellulose degradation by a mixed-culture system.pdf

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Effective cellulose degradation by a mixed-culture system

FEMS Microbiology Ecology 51 (2004) 133–142Effective cellulose degradation by a mixed-culture system composed of a cellulolytic Clostridium and aerobic non-cellulolytic bacteria Souichiro Kato, Shin Haruta, Zong Jun Cui, Masaharu Ishii, Yasuo Igarashi * Department of Biotechnology, Laboratory of Applied Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Yayoi 1-1-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan Received 2 June 2004; received in revised form 16 July 2004; accepted 28 July 2004 First published online 21 August 2004Abstract A stable cellulose-degrading microflora enriched from composting materials has been analyzed in our laboratory. Cellulose-de- grading efficiency of an anaerobic cellulolytic isolate, Clostridium straminisolvens CSK1, was remarkably lower than that of the orig- inal microflora. We successfully constructed bacterial communities with effective cellulose degradation by mixing C. straminisolvens CSK1 with aerobic non-cellulolytic bacteria isolated from the original microflora. Comparison of the cellulose degradation proc- esses of the pure culture of C. straminisolvens CSK1 and the mixed-culture indicated that non-cellulolytic bacteria essentially con- tribute to cellulose degradation by supplying anaerobic environment, consuming metabolites, which otherwise deteriorate the cellulolytic activity, and by neutralizing pH. 2004 Federation of European Microbiological Societies. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. Keywords: Cellulose degradation; Mixed-culture; Clostridium straminisolvens CSK11. Introduction In nature, many species of microorganisms coexist by interacting with each other. Many species of microor- ganisms are most effective only when they are present in association with other groups of organisms. For example, this cooperative activity is seen in interspecies hydrogen transfer within methanogenic systems [1], and in the degradation of xenobiotics such as halogen- ated organic compounds