pll frequency synthesizer.pdfVIP

Chapter 3 PLL FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER This chapter presents the analysis of PLL-based frequency synthesizers. It includes the continuous-time linear analysis, discrete-time analysis, operation modes, stability, and fast-locking techniques. An integer-N PLL synthesizer design example is given to illustrate the system-level parameter design procedure. PLL frequency synthesizer basics Basic building blocks of charge-pump PLL The block diagram of the PLL frequency synthesizer is shown in Fig. 3-1. It is based on a charge-pump PLL [ l ] and consists of a phase-frequency detector (PFD), a