主谓一致[名师原创].docVIP

主谓一致 主谓一致: 指谓语动词要与主语的人称和数保持一致． Ⅰ．语法一致：即在语法形式上取得一致．如果主语为单数形式，谓语动词也用单数形式；如果主语为复数形式，谓语动词也用复数形式． １．单数名词或代词，动词不定式，动名词短语，从句作主语时谓语动词用单数形式；如果主语是两个或两个以上的名词性从句，谓语动词用复数形式． Going shopping on Sunday _______(be) one of his habits. Whether we go or not matters little. What I think and what I say ________ (be) my own affairs. When and where to build the new factory _______________________ yet(还没有被决定). 2.　并列主语时，谓语动词要用复数．常由and, both… and…连接的两个不同概念的名词作主语；但当两个单数名词指同一人、事或概念时，这时and后的名词前没有冠词，其动词用单数： e.g. Both you and I __________ (be) going to attend the meeting. The poet and writer ______________ (have) come. The singer and composer is coming to our school. The singer and the composer __________ (be) coming to our school. Bread and butter is often served for breakfast. 常见的由and连接的指一个概念的有：the needle and thread, salt and water, the folk and knife, soap and water, iron and steel等。 如果and后面的名词加了否定词，谓语也用单数形式。 e.g. Black, and not Mary, was chosen monitor. All work and no play has made you a fool. 3．就远原则：主语后面接说明主语的修饰词或插入语时，谓语动词的数不受修饰成分的影响，仍与主语一致。常见的有：with, along with, together with, as well as, like, no less than, rather than, more than, as much as, but, except, besides, including, in addition to等。 e.g. Nobody but my parents __________ (know）the secret. Russian, as well as English, is taught in our school. Bamboo, like a tree, grows tall and straight. The students as well as the teacher ___________ (have) learned to drive a car. 4. 以each, every, no, either, neither, none, one, many a, more than one以及any-, some-, every-, no- 的合成不定代词作主语时，谓动用单数． e.g. Each doctor and each nurse was sent for./ Every boy and every girl is able to go to school now. Many a boy __________(be) fond of playing football. No teacher and no student _____________ (agree) to have classes on Sunday. They each are given a prize. More than one student ____________(enjoy) folk-music. Either is correct. 以某些“不定代词(all, any, some, none, etc.)或表示数量的词(most, half, the rest, a lot/lots/plenty , 几分之几，百分之几）+ of + 名词”结构，谓