中考动词不定式.docVIP

初三英语专题复习六 动词不定式动词不定式是动词的一种非谓语形式，没有人称和数的变化，不能单独作句子的谓语。其构成形式为＂to+动词原形＂，to为动词不定式的符号，本身无意义。动词不定式具有两大特点：1.具有动词的特点，因此，后面可以跟表语、宾语或状语，构成动词不定式短语。2.具有名词、形容词或副词的特点，可以在句子中用作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、状语、定语、表语及同位语等。下面以近几年全国部分省市的中考英语试题为例，对不定式的难点以及它在中考英语中的考查点，作一简要的总结和分析，供同学们学习时参考。　　一、动词不定式作主语　　1. Its our duty _________ the room every day.A. to clean B. cleaned C. clean D. cleans(甘肃省) 　　2. Its hard for us _________ English well.A. learn B. learns C. to learn D. learning(江西省) 　　3.建造这座立交桥将花费工人们一年多的时间。It will _______the workers over a year ____ ____ the flyover.(北京市海淀区) 　　4. Its very nice ______ you to get me two tickets ____ the World Cup.A. for， of B. of， for C. to， for D. of， to(安徽省) 　［简析］动词不定式作主语时，可以直接放在谓语动词前面的主语位置，也可以用先行词it作形式主语，而将真正的主语(不定式)置于后面。常见的句式有：(1)It is +形容词(of sb)to do sth.(2)It is +名词(for sb)to do sth.(3)It takes sb some time to do sth.(4)It is +形容词(for sb)to do sth.句式(1)中常用nice， kind， clever， good， right， wrong， foolish， careless等形容词，与介词of搭配，这些形容词常表述不定式逻辑主语的属性或性质；句式(4)中常用hard， difficult， easy， important等形容词，与介词for搭配，表示不定式表示的动作、行为的性质。　　二、动词不定式作宾语　　1. He wants ______ some vegetables. A. buy B. buying C. to buy D. buys (山西省) 　　2. Dont forget ______ your homework with you when you come to school.A. to bring B. bringing C. to take D. taking (福建省) 　　3. He found it very difficult ______.A. sleeping B. sleepsC. slept D. to fall asleep (湖南省) 　　　［简析］在want， like， agree， hope， wish， learn， begin， start， seem， decide， hate， choose， forget， remember等动词后面，可以接不定式作宾语。如果其后接形容词补足语时，则可以用it作形式宾语，而把作真正宾语的不定式放到后面。　　三、动词不定式作宾语补足语　　1. Robert often asks us ______ his Chinese, so his Chinese is much better than before. 　　A. help him B. to help him with C. to help with D. helps him with (江苏省) 　　2. Mr Li often teaches his Japanese friends ______ Chinese food.A. cook B. cooks C. to cook D. cooked (甘肃省) 　［简析］不定式可以用作宾语补足语。后面可以接不定式作宾语补足语的动词有：ask， teach， expect， tell， allow等。　　四、动词不定式作状语　　1. She went ______ her teacher.A. to see B. looks C. saw D. seeing (江西省) 　　2. Meimei likes English very much.