浅谈高英语句型转换.docVIP

浅谈高级英语句型转换 潘军武 广东省高等教育自学考试英语教育专业开设16门课程， 这其中高级英语属于核心课程，难度也较大，尤其是句型转换更是让许多考生感到难以下笔，复杂的句子结构使人仿佛坠入五里雾中。教学指南里有少数句型转换答案在作者看来也有值得商榷之处，现就此类题型做出一点探讨，以利广大考生顺利通过高级英语课程。 　　　　　　　　　　　转换步骤 该题型指令意义有三。首先，此类句型转换已给出开头，二是句子意义不能改变，即信息尽量完整保留，不增不减。三是句子结构变换后要成为一个完整的新句子。 如：. All the statistics point to a rapidly declining rate of population increase, but that is coming about chiefly through a high infant mortality. 这是个复合句（a compound sentence）, 句法上是并列关系, 意义上是转折关系, 其中却又包含因果关系。 新句子开头为：According to all statistics, a high infant mortality________. 要做此题，考生须明白原文中that 是指代 a rapidly declining rate of population increase, 这是结果。而原因a high infant mortality被提到了句子的开头，come about through 是先表果再表因，不能再用。现在只须找到先表达原因再表示结果的词就行了。make, cause, lead to, result in, 都可以。 指南答案：According to all statistics, a high infant mortality causes the rate of population increase to decline rapidly. 这个答案语法上完全正确，但由于没有尽量保留原文表达，将population in crease to decline 一起用，多少有些不自然。 事实上，做句型转换一大秘诀就是尽量保留原文表达，只改变结构性词语！ 答案二：According to all statistics, a high infant mortality leads to / results in a rapidly declining rate of population increase. 明显这个新句整体上表达上更为通畅。 现归纳做句型转换作题三步法。 一：首先将原句和新句对照，找出意义重叠部分。 例：Its success as a hunter had been based entirely on a capacity to outrun any animal in Africa, together with the superb coordination of its hunting pack. It is successful as a hunter because______________________________. It is successful as a hunter意义等同于Its success as a hunter 而且 because也传达了 be based on 的意义。 二：把剩余部分原封不动地照抄上去。 It is successful as a hunter because a capacity to outrun any animal in Africa, together with the superb coordination of its hunting pack. 三： 找到关节部分, 将结构性表达填充进去，并作相应的调整。 because 不能直接接续 a capacity，如果将because视为一个连词，a capacity　缺主谓成分。按照句意，加上it has 即可, 指南答案it has had似乎有些画蛇添足。 指南答案：It is successful as a hunter because it has had a capacity to outrun any animal in Africa, together with the superb coordination of its hunting pack. 答案二：　It is successful as a hunter because it has a