计算结构CPU报告计算结构CPU报告.docVIP

04009528  PAGE 13 Computer Organization and Architecture Course Design Microprogrammed CPU Design Shixi Yu School of Information Science and Engineering Southeast University 2012.4.26 1.Purpose The purpose of this project is to design a simple CPU (Central Processing Unit). This CPU has basic instruction set, and we will util ize its instruction set to generate a very simple program to verify its performance. For simplicity, we will only consider the relationship among the CPU, registers, memory and instruction set. That is to say we only need consider the following items: Read/Write Registers, Read/Write Memory and Execute the instructions. At least four parts constitute a simple CPU: the control unit, the internal registers, the ALU and instruction set , which are the main aspects of our project design and will be studied. 2.The complete CPU Figure 1. The data line of CPU Figure 2.The control Unit MAR (Memory Address Register) MAR contains the memory location of the word to be read from the memory or written into the memory. Here, READ operation is denoted as the CPU reads from memory, and WRITE operation is denoted as the CPU writes to memory. In my design, MAR has 8 bits to access one of 256 addresses of the memory. MBR (Memory Buffer Register) MBR contains the value to be stored in memory or the last value read from memory. MBR is connected to the address lines of the system bus. In my design, MBR has 16 bits. PC (Program Counter) PC keeps track of the instructions to be used in the program. In my design, PC has 8 bits. IR (Instruction Register) IR contains the opcode part of an instruction. In my design, IR has 8 bits. BR (Buffer Register) BR is used as an input of ALU, it holds other operand for ALU. In my design, BR has 16 bits. ACC (Accumulator) ACC holds one operand for ALU, and generally ACC holds the calculation result of ALU. In my design, ACC has 16 bits. In this designment, ACC is set in ALU for simplification. LPM_RAM_DQ LPM_