初3总复习各科小结 (2).docVIP

中华题库 2014年6月3日 16:37 [1]初中化学中的七个常见沉淀是： a）氯化银AgCl 是白色沉淀， b)硫酸钡BaSO4 是白色沉淀， c)碳酸钡BaCO3 是白色沉淀， d)碳酸钙CaCO3 是白色沉淀， e)氢氧化镁Mg(OH)2 白色沉淀 ， f)氢氧化铜Cu(OH)2 蓝色沉淀 ， g)氢氧化铁Fe(OH)3 红褐色沉淀 [2]中国四大古都是:西安，洛阳，南京，北京 [3]易错点1：有理数、无理数以及实数的有关概念理解错误，相反数倒数绝对值的意义概念混淆。以及绝对值与数的分类。每年选择必考。易错点2：实数的运算要掌握好与实数有关的概念、性质，灵活地运用各种运算律，关键是把好符号关；在较复杂的运算中，不注意运算顺序或者不合理使用运算 [4]〔误〕 This is a good dictionary in English grammar. 〔正〕 This is a good dictionary on English grammar. 〔析〕关于某方面的书籍、报告等有两个介词，其中on表示某专业用书，about则为某方面的普通读物，如：This is a book about physics.即物理科普知识. [5]误〕 A lot of French wines are made of grape. 〔正〕 A lot of French wines are made from grape. 〔析〕 made of 是指由原材料到成品过程中原材料未发生质地的变化，而发生了某种变化则要用from,如：The desk was made of hard wood [6]误〕 Im earlier today. I came here by his car. 〔正〕 Im earlier today. I came here in his car. 〔析〕在交通工具前加介词by，但不能再有任何指示代词或冠词，否则要改换相应的介词。by taxi=in a taxi by train=in a train by bicycle=on a bicycle by [7]误〕 Can I write the exam paper with ink? 〔正〕 Can I write the exam paper with a pen? 〔正〕 Can I write the exam paper in ink? 〔析〕 with后要加拿得起来放得下的工具，而墨水、颜料等原料则要用in [8]误〕 The sun sets toward the west. 〔正〕 The sun sets in the west. 〔析〕 towards也可用作toward，它主要表达朝向某方向运动，但不一定到达，如：He ran toward(s) the mountain.而在表示方位east, west, north, south 时，其前面要用in。要注意的是这4个词可以用作副词，如：I went south [9]〔析〕 across 作为介词有两个主要意思：① 横过，如：I want to walk across the street.② 对面，如：There is a post office across the street,而through 多用于三维空间中的穿越。across则多用于平面上的横过。如：The little girl ran across the room to meet her mother. [10]〔误〕 It took them two days to walk across the forest. 〔正〕 It took them two days to walk through the forest. [11]误〕 There is a big tree in the front of the house. 〔正〕 There is a big tree in front of the house. in front of 是在物体外部的前面，而in the front of 是在物体内部的前面，如：The driver sits in the front of the bus. [12]误〕 The Dead Sea is under the sea level. 〔正〕 The Dead Sea is below the sea level. 〔析〕在垂直下方要用below.也就是讲above与below互为反意词，over与under也是反意词. [13]误〕 Be careful The temperature of the water is ninety degrees over ze