高考书面表达怎样运用复杂结构和高级词汇高考书面表达怎样运用复杂结构和高级词汇.docVIP

　 浅谈高考英语作文写法 商登峰 　近几年的高考《考试说明》中,关于高考英语书面表达评分标准第五档(很好)中有这样一段话:应用了较多的语法结构和词汇;语法结构或词汇方面有些许错误,但为尽力使用较复杂结构或较高级词汇所致。这就是说,学生仅运用基础的词汇和基本的句型,不能体现出较强的语言运用能力,即使表达无语法错误,也不能得高分;相反有些错误,目的在有意识地使用复杂结构或较高级词汇,也不扣分,仍属于最高档次。高考把写作要求提到了这样一个高度,有利于反映学生的水平层次,有利于指导教学。原来要点完整,语言无误,行文连贯,表达清楚的标准就落后了。 　　在平时的教学中,训练最多的,学生们也最习惯的是五种基本句型:①主语+谓语;②主语+谓语+宾语;③主语+谓语+间接宾语;④主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语;⑤主语+谓语+宾语+补足语。（对基础薄弱的同学还是有很好的帮助）用这些句型组织的句子单一、无生气,不能给人一种含金量高的审美享受。客观形势对我们提出了高难度的要求,我们怎样才能对书面表达进行科学的操作?怎样才能控制写作呢?本文拟就这一课题进行讨论,希望能给学生以启迪,调动积极性,开拓思维,培养创新精神。 　　首先,在整篇文章中,避免只使用一两个句型,要灵活运用各种语法结构,使文章有声有色。 　　一、改变时态 　　例:The bell is ringing now.(一般) 　　There goes the bell! (高级) 　　二、改变语态（适当用点被动语态） 　　例:People suggest that the conference be put off.(一般) It is suggested that the conference be put off. (高级) We can see many ads in our every day life. (一般) We are surrounded with/flooded in ads. / We are nearly drowned in the sea of ads.(高级) 　　三、使用不定式 　　例:He is so kind that he can help me.(一般) 　　He is so kind as to help me.(高级) 　　四、使用过去分词 　　例:①She walked out of the lab and many students followed her.(一般) 　　Followed by many students, she walked out of the lab.(高级) 　　②Once it is seen, it can never be forgotten.(一般) 　　Once seen, it can never be forgotten.(高级) 　　五、使用V-ing形式 　　例:①When he arrives, please give me an e-mail.(一般) 　　On arriving/his arrival, please give me an e-mail.(高级) 　　②If the weather permits, Ill come tomorrow.(一般) 　　Ill come tomorrow, weather permitting.(高级) 　　六、使用名词性从句 　　例:①It disappointed everybody that he didnt turn up.(一般) 　　The fact that he didnt turn up disappointed everybody.(高级) 　　②I happened to have met him.(一般) 　　It happened that I had met him.(高级) 　　③To his surprise, the little girl knows so many things.(一般) 　　What surprises him is that the little girl knows so many things.(高级) 　　七、使用定语从句 　　例:The girl is spoken highly of. Her composition was well written.(一般) 　　The girl whose composition was well written is spoken highly of.(高级) 　　八、使用状语从句