Hybrid Coupler3.pdf

2040 IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MICROWAVE THEORY AND TECHNIQUES VOL. 30, NO. 1I , NOVEMBER1982 1 a=05mm 3 X102 F ,/ z 0 i= E -? E Fig. 2, the above reasons, development of a suitable radial line should produce extremely wide bandwidths and magnetically tunable low frequency (0.5 to 1 GHz) microwave transducer. /Ai REFERENCES [1] A K Ganguly and D. C. Webb, IEEE Mtcrowaoe Theoiy Tech., vol. MTT23. D. 998.1975. Radiation resmtance IS plotted as a function of frequency for the radius of the inner conductor a = 0.2, 0,5, 1.0, 20, 3.0, and 40 m/m Other parameters are biasing dc magnetic field h = 500 oe, saturation magnetiza- tion 4 rlf, = 1800 g. condition is ( ) Jo(~a) ~J2)(~o) . ez=ao Jo(ku)– H~2) ( ka ) (9) As shown in Fig. 1, an infinitely long wire is situated parallel to the z axis, so the current flowing into the wire excites the RF magnetic fields ha. This means that the power flowing into the wire (RF current j,) is equal to the radiating power. Since the energy dissipation is zero in the region of the field bounded by a surface S, the real part of complex Poynting vector is zero (f ) Re 1 (–ezh~)udt9 =0 2~ (lo) where h j is the complex conjugate of h*. From Maxwell’s equa- tion, we have a relation between e= and h ~ “=(73JFH= (11) According to Ampere’s law, we have a relation between the current j, and the amplitude a. of (6) J2rh@ad9. j,= o This relation gives (12) ~ (k2–~2)@w0 ‘0= 27ra ( Jl(ka) pk ) –1 ‘O(ka)@)(ka)— (13) H~2) ( ka ) The radiation resistance Rm is defined by the ratio the radiative power to the square of the current flowing into the metal cylinder (14) In Fig. 2, the radiation resistance R~ is plotted as a function of frequency. The important characteristics (shown in Fig. 2) are that this device transmits all signals from direct current up to some frequency near the critical frequency CJ= y ( BH) 1/2. This extremely wide bandwidth can be achieved by reducing the radius of the metallic wire a. Note that for a = 0.5 m/m, 1 to 2 thousand megahertz e