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Improving Web Performance in Broadcast-Unicast Networks.pdf

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Improving Web Performance in Broadcast-Unicast Networks

Improving Web Performance in Broadcast-Unicast Networks Mukesh Agrawal Amit Manjhi Nikhil Bansal Srinivasan Seshan July 2002 CMU-CS-02-159 School of Computer Science Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh, PA 15213 Abstract Satellite operators have recently begun offering Internet access over their networks. Typically, users connect to the network using a modem for uplink, and a satellite dish for downlink. We investigate how the perfor- mance of these networks might be improved by two simple techniques: caching and use of the return path on the modem link. We examine the problem from a theoretical perspective and via simulation. We show that the general problem is NP-Hard, as are several special cases, and we give approximation algorithms for them. We then use insights from these cases to design practical heuristic schedulers which leverage caching and the modem downlinks. Via simulation, we show that caching alone can simultaneously reduce bandwidth requirements by 33% and improve response times by 62%. We further show that the proposed schedulers, combined with caching, yield a system that performs far better under high loads than existing systems. This work was partially supported by the National Science Foundation, under award ANI-0092678, and by IBM Corporation. Keywords: Satellite networks, Broadcast scheduling complexity, Web caching, Web performance, Broad- cast dissemination 1 Introduction A recent development in Internet access technologies is satellite based Internet service. In systems such as DirecPC [1] and Starband [2], users connect to the network via a satellite dish and a modem. Fig. 1 depicts a typical system. When a user visits a web page, his modem transmits the request over the telephone network to the satellite service’s Network Operations Center (NOC). The NOC retrieves the web page from its cache or from the origin server over the Internet, and sends the data to a satellite. The satellite echoes the data, which is picked up by the user’s sat