应用光学 英文版 chapter 3.ppt

solution： example. A nearsighted man, his glasses: 500 degree ; the instrument: Then, the moving amount of the eyepiece? The moving amount of the eyepiece is 2mm. Review of chapter 3 1. Structure of eye 2. Instruments for eyes To enlarge the viewing angle; Emerging rays is parallel Microscope Telescope Magnifier visual acuity of the eye two points, lines, Normal eye Myopia Hyperopia 1. Structure of eye Magnifier (a single lens) Microscope (objective + eyepiece) Telescope (Afocal Systems) Structure of three types of telescopes Retina: 视网膜 Pupil: 瞳孔 Diopter: 视度 Visual acuity/Resolution: 分辨率 Myopia: 近视眼 Hyperopia: 远视眼 Instruments for Human Eyes ： magnifier, microscope and telescope function：improve our vision ability For a visual optical system: the human eye is the receiver of the system. human eyes The visual optical system require ? §3.1 Characteristics of the Eye 3.1.1、structure of the eye: Eyes ~ camera Pupil(瞳孔) ~ stop(光阑) Retina Choroid Sclera Iris Frontal chamber Cornea Axis Yellow spot Blind spot Lens of eye~camera lens Retina(视网膜)~ film(底片) lens 3.1.2 the Accommodation of the Eye Eye , two kinds of accommodation functions： diopter accommodation and pupil accommodation (1) Diopter accommodation For a normal relaxed eye: the infinite object images on the retina (视网膜). The second focal point of the eye: retina The eye muscles are most relaxed when the eye is looking at distant objects (“at infinity”). the unit : Diopter/屈光度，视度 ——from the eye to the object plane. unit：m/meter Ex.：object， then, When at infinity， Measuring for the accommodation degree of the eye: accommodation The normal reading distance/明视距离: 250mm (Distance of most distinct vision) Near point/近点: a closest point at which the eye can see an object. The least distinct distance or near point distance/近点距离 Far point/远点: The far point distance/远点距离: the longest distance which the eye can see cle