东风1254汽车变速器设计-设计说明书.doc

黑龙江工程学院本科生毕业设计  PAGE \* MERGEFORMAT II 本科学生毕业设计 东风1254汽车变速器设计 系部名称： 汽车与交通工程学院 专业班级： 学生姓名： 职 称： 副教授 工 程 学 院 二○一○年六月 摘 要 变速器用来改变发动机传到驱动轮上的转矩和转速，是汽车总成部件中的重要组成部分，是主要的传动系统。变速器的结构要求对汽车的动力性、燃料经济性、换档操纵的可靠性与轻便性、传动平稳性与效率等都有直接的影响。 本文设计研究了中间轴式十二挡手动变速器，其目的是基于机械原理、机械设计、AutoCAD等知识的熟练运用和掌握，并利用AutoCAD软件绘制装配图和零件图等五项内容。同时运用汽车构造、汽车设计、材料力学、互换性测量等学科知识对中间轴式十二档变速器进行设计。首先，本文将概述变速器的现状和发展趋势，介绍变速器领域的最新发展状况。其次，对工作原理做了阐述，对不同的变速器传动方案进行比较，选择合理的结构方案进行设计。再次，对变速器的各挡齿轮和轴以及轴承做了详细的设计计算，并进行了受力分析、强度和刚度校核计算,并为为这些元件选择合适的工程材料及热处理方法。对一些标准件进行了选型以及变速器的传动方案设计。简单讲述了变速器中各部件材料的选择。最后，本文将对变速器换档过程中的重要部件—同步器以及操纵机构进行阐述，讲述同步器的类型、工作原理、设计方法以及重要参数。 关键词： 变速器；传动比；参数；设计计算；校核 ABSTRACT Transmission to change the engine reached on the driving wheel torque and speed, Automotive transmission parts in the automobile assembly of an important part of the main drive system. Transmission of the power structure of the vehicle, economy, manipulation of the reliability and portability, the smooth drive and have a direct impact on efficiency. This design study of the three-axis 12-speed manual transmission, the purpose is based on mechanical principles, mechanical design, AutoCAD and other knowledge and mastery of the use of skilled and using Auto CAD software, drawing assembly drawings and parts diagrams of five elements. At the same time the use of vehicle construction, automotive design, material mechanics, interchangeability of measurement knowledge of the subjects on the three-axis gearbox design file 12.At first, I will give a summary of the current situation and the tendency of development of the vehicle transmission, and introduce the latest development state in the field of the transmission.The second, I will compare the transmitting scheme of different transmission, and choose a better structure scheme.Next, I will do some mechanic analyses, strength, stiffness check of the shafts and gears, which are the important parts of the transmission, and choose appropriate materials and heat treat