5.Saving, Investment amp;amp; the Financial System.pptVIP

Saving, Investment, and the Financial System储蓄、投资与金融体系;美国经济中有哪些主要金融机构？它们有什么功能？ 储蓄有哪三种类型？ 储蓄与投资的区别是什么？ 金融体系如何协调储蓄与投资？ 政府政策如何影响储蓄，投资和利率？;The Financial System 金融体系;Financial Institutions in the U.S. Economy美国经济中的金融机构;Financial Institutions in the U.S. Economy美国经济中的金融机构;Financial Institutions in the U.S. Economy美国经济中的金融机构;Financial Markets 金融市场;The Stock Market 股票市场 Stock represents a claim to partial ownership in a firm and is therefore, a claim to the profits that the firm makes.股票 代表企业的所有权，所以也代表对所获得利润的索取权。 The sale of stock to raise money is called equity financing.出售股票来筹资称为股本筹资。 Compared to bonds, stocks offer both higher risk and potentially higher returns.与债券相比，股票的风险高，潜在收益也高。 The most important stock exchanges in the United States are the New York Stock Exchange, the American Stock Exchange, and NASDAQ.美国经济中最重要的股票交易所是纽约股票交易所、美国股票交易所和纳斯达克（NASDAQ）。;The Stock Market 股票市场;Financial Intermediaries金融中介机构;Banks 银行 take deposits from people who want to save and use the deposits to make loans to people who want to borrow.从想储蓄的人那里得到存款，并用这些存款向想借款的人进行贷款。 pay depositors interest on their deposits and charge borrowers slightly higher interest on their loans.向存款人的存款支付利息，并向借款人的贷款收取略高一点的利息。;Financial Intermediaries 金融中介机构;Financial Intermediaries: Mutual Funds金融中介机构: 共同基金;Financial Intermediaries ：Other Financial Institutions 金融中介机构：其他金融机构;Saving and Investment in the National Income Accounts国民收入帐户中的储蓄与投资;Some Important Identities一些重要的恒等式;Some Important Identities一些重要的恒等式;Some Important Identities一些重要的恒等式;Some Important Identities一些重要的恒等式;The Meaning of Saving and Investment储蓄与投资的含义;The Meaning of Saving and Investment储蓄与投资的含义;The Meaning of Saving and Investment储蓄与投资的含义;The Meaning of Saving and Investment  储蓄与投资的含义;投资：新资本的购买 投资的例子： 通用汽车公司投资2.5亿美元在密歇根州的弗林特建造一个新工厂 你为生意上的方便买了一台$5000的电脑 你父母花$30万建新房 ;假定GDP等于10万亿美元消费等于6.5万亿美元政府支出为2万亿美元预算赤字3千亿美元 计算公共储蓄，税收，私人储蓄，国民储蓄和投资;已知:  Y = 10.0, C = 6.5, G = 2.0, G – T = 0.3 公共储蓄 = T – G= – 0.3 税收：T