项目成本管理-我国物流运输成本现状分析.docVIP

[键入文字] 加强运输成本管理方法研究 ——降低我国运输成本方法浅谈 Strengthening the transportation cost management methods ——Discussed shallowly about the methods of reduce the cost of transportation in China 摘要：全球第四大第三方物流公司基华物流(CEVALogistics)2012年6月6日在上海表示，预计到2016年，中国将成为全球最大的物流市场。目前，中国的物流成本占GDP总量比重约为18%，几乎相当于欧美水平的2倍之多。 相关人士指出：中国物流行业目前正处在发展和成熟阶段。近年来中国加大基础设施投入力度对该行业的发展具有积极意义。另一大利好因素是中国正在采取一系列措施来降低道路通行费用。同时中国的领先制造业企业，包括联想、华为、上汽等正在物流和供应链运营方面努力提高效率。目前，国内物流行业存在的问题一方面是卡车的利用率较低，另一方面是不同类型的交通运输工具之间连结不够紧密，导致存货较多。居高不下的物流成本已经严重制约了中国经济的发展。[1] 关键词：物流运输，成本分析，运输管理，我国运输成本现状分析，物流运输信息管理系统 Abstract1: The worlds fourth largest Logistics company (CEVALogistics) said in Shanghai on June 6, 2012, to 2016, China will become the worlds largest logistics market. At present, Chinas logistics costs account for is about 18% of GDP, almost 2 times in Europe and America. The official pointed out: Chinas logistics industry is in the development and maturation stage now. In recent years, China has intensified efforts to put into the infrastructure development of the industry and has a positive meaning. Another positive factor is that China is putting to use a series of measures to reduce road tolls. Chinas leading manufacturing companies, including Lenovo, Huawei, SAIC is the logistics and supply chain operations to improve efficiency. At present, the problems of the domestic logistics industry on the one hand the low utilization of trucks, on the other hand is close enough link between the different types of means of transport, leading to more inventory. High logistics costs have seriously hampered the economic development of China. Keywords: transport and logistics, cost analysis, transportation management, the current situation of Transportation cost analysis in China, logistics transportation management information system 1运输成本的概念和构成 要想加强运输成本管理，首先要明确运输成本的概念和分类： 1.1运输成本的概念及衡量方法： 单位运输产品分摊的运输费用支出，称单位运输产品成本，简称运输成本[2]。在运输经济分析中一般采用机会成本的概念，使用一定资源的机会成本就是把该资源用于某方案时不得不放弃的把资源用于其他方案的最大收益。例如，当某地决定建一条高速公路时，这同时意味着不能把建高速公路的土地、资金和劳动力