北美的模架技术及其规范标准_仇铭华北美的模架技术及其规范标准_仇铭华.pdf

2010 年 3 月 施 工 技 术 第 39 卷 第 3 期 CONSTRUCTION TECHNOLOGY 29 北美的模架技术及其规范标准 仇铭华 ? 北京奥宇模板有限公司，北京 102600? ［摘要］主要介绍了北美地区的建筑结构，包括板式结构、钢结构、木结构及混合结构。根据不同的结构形式选择 不同的模板脚手架技术。大部分板式混凝土结构都采用铝模板，这种模板由铝工字梁与木胶合板组成大墙模板、 水平大模板和柱模板等，组拼方便，工作效率高。塔式结构一般采用木梁楼板模板支撑系统和模数化的早拆楼板 模板系统。同时介绍了北美地区有关的建筑施工，模板脚手架和安全操作的规范和标准。 ［关键词］北美地区?模板?脚手架?铝模板 ［中图分类号］TU731. 2 ［文献标识码］A ［文章编号］1002-8498?2010?03-0029-05 Formwork and Scaffold Technology and Relevant Codes and Standards in North America Qiu Minghua ? Beijing Aoyu Formwork Co. ，Ltd. ，Beijing 102600，China? Abstract?In this article，the author mainly shows building structure in North America including plate structure，steel structure，wood structure and compound structure. Based on different structure style， different formwork and scaffold technologies are selected. Most of plate structure use aluminum formwork which includes large wall formwork， horizontal formwork and column formwork. This formwork is composited by aluminum H-shape beam and wood plywood，and is easy for assembly and has high working efficiency. Tower structure often uses wood beam and floor formwork and scaffold system and modularized early dismantling formwork system. The author also introduces relevant codes and standards on building construction，formwork and scaffold and safety construction. Key words?North America? formwork? scaffold? aluminum formwork 1 北美的建筑结构简介 北美??建筑结构主要有混凝土板式结构、钢结构、 木结构以及它们之间的混合结构。 1. 1 混凝土板式结构 北美的高层公寓楼几乎都是混凝土板式结构? 见 图 ? ，集中在市区范围群楼之间，拆除低矮陈旧房屋 1