安徽中南部几种主要森林类型水文特性研究201211月刘俊龙.doc

PAGE  PAGE 7 基金项目：国家林业公益性行业科研专项“南方低效生态公益林改造与恢复技术研究与示范”（200904015）。 第一作者简介：刘俊龙（1981-），男，助理研究员，主要从事林木育种、森林生态研究。通讯作者：吴中能，男，研究员。E-mail: wznlkshf@ 安徽中南部几种主要森林类型水文特性研究 刘俊龙1，丁增发1，佘城棋2，张 瑶2，吴中能1，马永春2 （1.安徽省林业科学研究院，合肥 230031；2.安徽省林业厅科技推广中心） 摘 要：通过对安徽中南部主要森林类型林下枯落物蓄积量、持水量、吸水速率等的研究，结果表明：①针叶林中杉木枯落物的厚度最大，达到95 mm，针阔混交林的蓄积量最大，为21.94 t/hm2；马尾松枯落物的厚度较低，苦楮林蓄积量最低。②马尾松×枫香的最大持水量为12.62 t/hm2，其他林分的最大持水量均在10 t/hm2以下，苦楮的最大持水量最低，为2.04 t/hm2。③针阔混交林的有效拦蓄能力明显高于阔叶林和针叶林。有效拦蓄量最高的是马尾松×枫香，为17.69 t/hm2，苦楮的有效拦蓄量最低，仅为2.47 t/hm2。两种不同杉木林分有效拦蓄量均达到10 t/hm2左右。可见针阔混交林的水文生态效益优于阔叶林和针叶林。 关键词：森林类型；枯落物；有效拦蓄能力；水文效益 Research on Hydrological Characteristics of the Main Forest Types in the Central and Southern of Anhui Abstract: In this article hydrological characteristics of the main forest types from litter reserves,water holding capacities,water absorption rate were Analyzed in The Central and southern of Anhui. The results indicated that:(1) the maximum total thickness was the Cunninghamia lanceolata (Lamb.) Hook in conifer forest, the figure was 95 mm, The maximum reserves of litter was the Pinus massoniana and Liquidambar formosana Hance mixed forests,was 21.94 t/hm2. (2)The maximum water holding capacity was the Pinus massoniana Lamb and Liquidambar formosana Hance mixed forests, the number was 12.62 t/hm2.The other maximum water holding capacity forests types were under 10 t/hm2. The maximum water holding capacity of Castanopsis sclerophylla(Lindl.)Schott was lowest only 2.04 t/hm2. (3)The-mixed broadleaf-conifer forest conservation ability were obviously higher than broadleaf forest and the conifer forest.The largest ability to the rainfall conservation was the Pinus massoniana Lamb and Liquidambar formosana Hance mixed forests.the numerical was 17.69 t/hm2, Castanopsis sclerophylla(Lindl.) Schott was lowest in the water conservation ability ,only 2.47 t/hm2,The water conservation ability number were reached 10 t/hm2 in 2 different forests of the Cunninghamia lanceolata (Lamb.) Hook. The results sho