Module3GrammarWriting课件外研版必修1.ppt

一、过去分词作定语 1．位置 单个的过去分词作定语通常放在被修饰词之前，分词短语作定语则放在被修饰词之后。 the injured workers受伤的工人 used book用过的书 the guests invited by my parents我父母邀请来的客人 a book written by Lu Xun鲁迅写的一本书;[考题印证1] (2011·湖南高考)The players ________ from the whole country are expected to bring us honor in this summer game. A．selecting　　　　　　 B．to select C．selected D．having selected 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：人们期待这些选自全国的运动员在夏季比赛中能给我们带来荣耀。根据句意可知，这些运动员是被选出来的，故应用过去分词selected 作定语，修饰players。 答案：C;2．意义 及物动词的过去分词作定语，具有完成和被动两层含义；不及物动词的过去分词作定语，只表示动作的完成，无被动之意。 a polluted river一条被污染了的河流 watered flowers浇过的花 fallen leaves落叶 a retired teacher一位退休教师;[点津] 过去分词作定语相当于一个被动语态或完成时态形式的定语从句；有时还可以作非限制性定语，前面常用逗号与被修饰的成分隔开，相当于一个非限制性定语从句。 Most of the artists invited (＝ who had been invited) to the party were from South Africa. 邀请到会的大部分艺术家来自南非。 The computer centre, opened last year (＝which was opened last year), is very popular among the students in this school. 电脑中心是去年开放的，很受这个学校的学生欢迎。;[考题印证2] 2－1(2011·全国卷Ⅱ)The island, ______ to the mainland by a bridge, is easy to go to. A．joining 　　　 B．to join C．joined D．having joined 解析：考查非谓语动词。此处为原因状语，因join 与逻辑主语the island 构成被动关系而使用过去分词，故选C。 答案：C;2－2(2011·福建高考)Tsinghua University, ______ in 1911, is home to a great number of outstanding figures. A．found B．founding C．founded D．to be founded 解析：考查非谓语动词。found 与 Tsinghua University 之间存在着动宾关系，所以用其过去分词形式，表示被动意义。此处用 founded, 相当于 which was founded。 答案：C;2－3(2010·新课标全国卷)Mrs. White showed her students some old maps ________ from the library. A．to borrow B．to be borrowed C．borrowed D．borrowing 解析：考查分词作定语，考虑到maps与borrow为被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。 答案：C;二、一般过去时的时间状语 1．一般过去时表示在过去一段时间内经常性或习惯性 的动作，常与every ..., often, always, usually等表示频度的时间状语连用。 He always got up late, and never had enough time for breakfast. 他总是起床很晚，从来没有足够的时间吃饭。;2．一般过去时表示在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或 存在的状态。时间状语有yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982等。 Last night we went to enjoy a good performance. 昨天晚上我们去看了一场不错的演出。;[考题印证3] (2011·湖南高考)In 1492, Columbus ________ on one of the Bah