增词与重复选编.ppt

增词与重复; ; Mary washed for a living after her husband died of acute pneumonia.;; 增加动词;;增加名词;;;;;;;;增加概括词;;;增加副词;;增加量词;;增加表达复数的词;;;;增加表达时态的词;;;2. Syntactical Amplification （从句法结构上考虑的增词） 英语和汉语在语法方面差异很大， 比如英语有数的变化、有时态、语态、语气变化、有情态的变化（我们常称为三态一气），而汉语这样的变化很少， 如时态，只用着、了、过就解决了。在翻译中我们要注意这些差别， 把英语中的数和三态一气等体现出来。例如：;;They are leading a happy life.;Since the industrial revolution began the physical science has in general been in the forefront of the scientific movement.;Had we known it in time, we would have prevented the accident.;增补原文中省略的动词 增补原文比较句中的省略部分 增补原文回答句中的省略部分 增补表示逻辑关系的词语;增补原文中省略的动词;;;增补原文比较句中的省略部分;;增补原文回答句中的省略部分;增补表示逻辑关系的词语;;3. Cultural Amplification (从文化上考虑的增词);增加比喻的喻意;增加背景信息;4. Rhetorical Amplification （从修辞上考虑）;;;;;;great contributions gratitude ingratitude prosperity arrogance careless in chaos street gossip rumor;为了明确而重复;3. He became an oil baron---all by himself.; 1. He wandered about in the chill rain, thinking and brooding.;2. They would read and re-read the secret notes.;If this was a time of triumph for the many, it was a painful period for the few.;采用词的重叠;His children, too, were as ragged and wild as if they belonged to nobody.;III. Practice;3. All bodies consists of molecules and these of atoms.;4. We have fulfilled our work ahead of schedule, so have they.;6. Rain or shine, I’ll go there.;7. May I extend my heartiest congratulations to the great Chinese people and its Communist Party, through you, for the glowing success of your tremendous revolution, which is now inspiring the world.;8. We talked of ourselves, of our prospects, of the journey, of the weather, of each other---of everything but our host and hostess.;10. Happy families also had their own troubles.;11. He wanted to send them more aid, more weapons and a few more men.;12. He was proficient both as a flyer and as a navigator.