精馏塔毕业设计解说.doc

PAGE  XXXX大学 设计说明书 题　　目： 2.6万吨/年乙烯精馏塔设计 院　　系： 机械工程学院___ ____________ 专　　业： 过程装备与控制工程专业_____ 班　　级： 2001—02班 学生姓名： 指导教师： _ 论文提交日期：2005年 6月 25 日 论文答辩日期：2005年 6月 27 日 内容摘要 塔设备是化工、石油等工业中广泛使用的重要生产设备。塔设备的基本功能在于提供气、液两相以充分接触的机会，使质、热两种传递过程能够迅速有效地进行；还要能使接触之后的气、液两相及时分开，互不夹带。塔设备主要应用在石油化工行业，其种类很多，比如有常压塔，加压塔及减压塔，还有按单元操作分有精馏塔，吸收塔，萃取塔，反应塔，填料塔，干燥塔等。 本次设计的是2.6万吨乙烯精馏塔，在本次设计中主要包括三大方面的内容：一是工艺计算，二是强度及稳定性的计算，三是专题部分。 第一部分主要进行了物料衡算，塔内物件尺寸的确定，各种管径的确定，附属设备的选择等等。 第二部分在强度及稳定性计算中，计算出塔器的各部分质量，对塔的三个危险截面进行校核，主要是质量载荷，风载荷和地震载荷的计算。还要进行补强的计算。 最后是专题部分，即吊柱的选用与校核。 关键词：板式塔 精馏设备 填料塔 Abstract Tower equipment is the important production equipment that chemical industry , petroleum ,etc. used extensively in industry. The basic function of the tower equipment lies in offering the angry , chance in order to be fully contacted of two phase of liquid , make the quality , two kinds of hot transmittance process can go on promptly and efficiently ; Can is it exposed to gas , liquid two phase after separate in time , carry each other secretly to make also. The tower equipment is applied to the trade of petrochemical industry mainly, there is a lot of its kind , for example there are atmospheric pressure towers, pressurize in the tower and reduce pressure in the tower, operate and divide rectifying tower according to the unit , absorb the tower, lie between and suck the tower, extract the tower , the reaction tower, dry tower ,etc.. The one that designed is 2 this time. The rectifying tower of 60,000 tons of ethylene, design main content including three major respects in China this time: First, the craft is calculated, second, the calculation of the intensity and stability, third, thematic part. First part Be regarded as the weighing apparatus of the supplies mainly, the sureness of the size of the things in the tower, the sureness of different pipe diameters, choice of the accessory equipment ,etc.. Seco