unit1talesoftheunexplainedGrammar学案（牛津版必修2）.docVIP

PAGE  PAGE - 2 - 本课目标 掌握现在完成进行时的用法 掌握现在完成时与现在完成进行时的区别 课堂研讨 现在完成进行时 1.构成：主语＋have/has been＋现在分词（doing）+.. 2.需要注意的用法： 1）在强调指出动作还未结束, 还要进行下去时, 不能用现在完成时, 而要用现在完成进行时, 以避免使人误认为动作已经全部完成。如： I’ve been writing the composition for two hours, but I haven’t finished it yet. 这篇作文我写了两个小时, 但还没写完。（强调动作没有结束, 还要继续写下去） I have been wanting to meet you for a long time. 和你见面是我盼望已久的事。 2）有些动词如:live, play, rain, teach, study, wait等用于现在完成时并不表示动作已经完成, 所以它们既可用于现在完成时, 也可用于现在完成进行时, 但如果强调动作延续时间的长久或带有感情色彩时, 用现在完成进行时更好一些。如： We have been playing football for nearly 3 hours. 我们已经踢了近三个小时的足球了。 Lisa has always been studying hard. 莉莎学习总是非常努力。（赞许的感情色彩） 3）动作不包含持续意思的动词要用现在完成进行时, 表示延续到现在的动作。如： The artist has been painting the painting. 这位画家一直在画画。(动作没结束, 他还在画。) 4）现在完成进行时有时也用来表示一种现在或以前这个阶段反复发生的事。如： I have always been thinking of her but I can’t see her. 虽然我一直在想着她, 但是我不能见她。 现在完成进行时与现在完成时的比较 1.两种时态偶尔可互换使用, 含义基本相同。如： I have been working here for five years. =I have worked here for five years. 我在这里已经工作五年了。 They have been living in this city for ten years. =They have lived in this city for ten years. 他们在这个城市已经住了10年了。 2.多数情况下两种时态不可换用。 在表示“从过去开始一直持续到现在”这个概念时, 现在完成时多用于口语。如果侧重动作的结果, 多用现在完成时;如果侧重动作的延续性或者动作仍然继续下去时, 由于现在完成进行时还带有进行时的持续性、暂时性和未完成性, 这时宜采用现在完成进行时, 而且不能与现在完成时交换使用。如： I have read this book. 我读过这本书。（动作已经完成） I’ve been reading this book. 我一直在读这本书。（动作还将继续下去） 3.表示状态的动词不能用于现在完成进行时, 如love (爱), like (喜欢), hate (讨厌)等。如： I have known him for years. 我认识他已经好几年了。 不可说成：I have been knowing him for years. 随堂检测： When Alice came to ,she did not know how long she ___there. A. had been lying B. has been lying C. was lying D. has lain 2. Tom ___in the library every night over the last three months. A. works B. worked C. has been working D. had been working 3. We ___on this project for four hours. Let’s have a rest. A. are working B. have been working C. worked D. had worked 4. I have to see the doct