unit3学案牛津译林版必修2.docVIP

第  PAGE 5 页 共  NUMPAGES 5 页 Module3 Unit3 Grammar I．宾语补足语（Object Complement） 一、宾语补足语的定义 宾语补足语是用于补充说明宾语的成分，常常放在宾语之后，和宾语一起构成复合宾语。常用的动词有：make, consider, see, find, have, let, leave等等。 二、宾语补足语的表现形式 有宾语补足语的一般句型为：及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语。宾语补足语在句中有以下几种表达方式： 1. 用名词表示： We consider him an excellent teacher. 2. 用形容词及其短语表示： They painted their boat white. I saw him young and strong, and now he’s old and worn. 3. 用不定式表示： You mustn’t force him to lend his money to you. Nobody noticed him enter the room. 4. 用现在分词表示： We saw her entering the room. 5. 用过去分词表示： They found the city greatly changed. 6. 用介词短语表示： We found everything in the lab in good order. 7. 用副词表示： Let the fresh air in. 8. 用从句表示： We will soon make our city what your city is now. 注意：能在复合宾语中用形式宾语it 的动词常见的有：think, find, consider, feel, make等。 三、宾语补足语的用法归纳 一）使役动词后宾语补足语的用法： 1. make + n. + O.C.(adj. / n. / do / done) We made him captain of our football team. The film made him famous. He couldn’t make himself heard above the noise of the traffic. What makes the grass grow? 注意：当不定式作make 的宾语补足语时，变为被动语态时一定要加 to. The boy was made to work twelve hours a day. 2. have sb. do sth. 使某人做某事 The teacher had her recite the text again. have sb. doing sth. 使某人一直做某事 He had the boy standing the whole morning. have sth. done 使某事被做；遭遇某种不幸 He had his house painted this morning. Be careful, or you’ll have your hands hurt. 3. leave + n. + O.C. (adj. / n. / prep.phrase / doing / done) He left the door open when he went out. His parents both died last year, leaving him an orphan. The headmaster left him in charge of the school. They walked off and left me sitting there alone. Did you leave the doors and windows properly locked? 二）感官动词后宾语补足语的用法 表示感觉和心理状态的动词（hear / listen to / look at / watch / see / notice/ observe/ feel等）的宾语补足语可以用省略to 的动词不定式、现在分词和过去分