2010年初中考英语宾语从句复习.ppt

初三首轮复习句法;复合句; 初中阶段复合句 1.宾语从句 2.状语从句 3.定语从句 ;宾语从句;;一. 宾语从句的种类;2. 由连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which和连接副词when, where, why, how引导的宾语从句。这些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分。例如： Do you know who (whom) they are waiting for? He asked whose handwriting was the best. Can you tell me where the No.3 bus stop is? I don’t know why the train is late.;3. 由if或whether引导的宾语从句。If和whether在句中的意思是“是否”。例如： I want to know if (whether) he lives there. He asked me whether (if) I could help him.;注意一下情况只用whether，不用if。;3. whether可以引导带to的不定式。如： 正： I don’t know whether to accept or refuse. 误： I don’t know if to accept or refuse. 4. whether及其引导的成分可放于介词之后，作介词的宾语。如： 正： I worry about whether I hurt her feelings. 误： I worry about if I hurt her feelings. ;二. 宾语从句的语序;三. 宾语从句的时态;2. 如果主句的时态是一般过去时，宾语从句只能用相应的过去时态（一般过去时， 过去进行时， 过去将来时，过去完成时）。例如： He asked what time it was. He told me that he was preparing for the sports meet. He asked if you had written to Peter. He said that he would go back to the U.S. soon.;3. 如果宾语从句所陈述的是客观真理，其时态常用一般现在时。例如： Our teacher said that January is the first month of the year. Scientists have proved that the earth turns around the sun.;如何改为宾语从句;2. 语序关 ①陈述句变为宾语从句，语序不变，即仍用陈述语序。如： He is an honest boy. The teacher said. →The teacher said（that）he was an honest boy. ②一般疑问句和特殊疑问句变为宾语从句，语序变为陈述语序。如： Does he work hard？I wonder. →I wonder if/whether he works hard. When did he leave？I don’t know. →I don’t know when he left.;注意：有些疑问句本身就是陈述语序 1.Who went there yesterday? Mary wanted to know. → Mary wanted to know who went there yesterday. 2.What’s the matter with the clock? He wondered. → He wondered what was the matter with the clock.;3. 时态关 ①如果主句是现在的时态，从句的时态可根据实际情况而定。如： I have heard（that）he will come back next week. ②如果主句是过去的某种时态，那么从句的时态一定要用过去的某种时态。如： He said（that）there were no classes yesterday. 注意：如果宾语从句表述的是客观真理、自然现象等时，不 管主句是什么时态，从句都要用一般现在时。如： He said that light travels much faster than sound. ;B.人称的变化和标点的使用 1. 从句的主语如果是第一人称，变为宾语从句则与主句的主语一致；如果是第二人称，则与主句的宾语一致；如果是第三人称，不用变化。如： “