定語从句语法专项辅导讲解课件.pptVIP

定语从句;（一）定义及相关术语;;关系词有关系代词和关系副词 关系代词有: that, which, who, whom, whose, as等 关系副词有: when, where, why;关系词通常有下列三个作用： A.引导定语从句； B.代替先行词； C.在定语从句中担当一个成分。 ;（二）关系代词引导的定语从句;Yesterday I helped an old man who had lost his way.;2. whom 指人，在定语从句中做宾语，常可省略。;The professor ( whom ) you are waiting for has come.;注意：关系代词 whom 在口语或非正式文体中常可用 who 来代替，也可省略。;3. which 指物，在定语从句中做主语或宾语，做宾语时常可省略。 ;He likes to read books which are written by foreign writers.;4．that 指人时，相当于 who 或 whom；指物时，相当于which。在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时常可省略。;Where is the man that / whom I saw this morning?;Yesterday I received a letter that / which came from Australia. ;5. whose 通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语。;I once lived in the house whose roof has fallen in.;Do you like the book whose cover is yellow?;（三）“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句;The school in which he once studied is very famous.;This is the boy (whom / who / that) I played tennis with yesterday.;We’ll go to hear the famous singer about whom we have often talked. ;;注意： 1.含有介词的短语动词一般不拆开，介词仍放在短语动词的后面。如：look for, look after, take care of 等。;This is the watch for which I am looking . ;２.若介词放在关系代词前，关系代词指人时只可用whom，不可用who, that；关系代词指物时只可用which，不可用that。关系代词是所有格时用whose。;The man with that / who you talked just now is my neighbour.;３.“介词+关系代词”前还可有some, any, none, all, both, neither, many, most, each , few 等代词或者数词。 ;In the basket there are quite many apples, some of which have gone bad. ;Up to now, he has written ten stories, three of which are about country life. ;（四）关系副词引导的定语从句;October 1, 1949 was the day when the People’s Republic of China was founded. ;2. where 指地点，在定语从句中作地点状语。;Is this the place where they fought the enemy? ;I don’t know the reason why he looks unhappy today.;（五）限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句;B.非限制性定语从句只是对先行词的补充说明，如删除，主句仍能表达完整的意思。译法上译成先行词的定语“．．．的” 通常译成主句的并列句。 ;关系词的使用上 A．作宾语时可省略 B．不可省略 A．可用that B．不用that A．可用who 代替 whom B．不可用who 代替 whom;Great changes are taking place in