北京化工大学材导重点修改最终版(原版为两福建同学整理) by khalilniu.pdf

Module 1: 1-1Understand the following terms (a) engineering materials: a term often loosely used to define most materials that go into products and systems. (b) engineering materials technology: covers fields of applied science related to materials, materials processing(处理，加工), and the many engineering specialties（特性） dealing with materials, such as research and development, design, manufacturing, construction, and maintenance（维护，保持）. (c) materials: the matter of the universe which have properties that make them useful in structures, machines, devices(装置), products and systems. (d) materials science: (e) materials engineering: deals with the synthesis（合成） and used of knowledge in properties, processing and behavior, prepare, modify（修饰）, and apply materials to specific needs. (f) materials science and engineering: a major field of study, which involves the generation and application of knowledge relating the composition(构成), structure（结构）, and processing of materials to their properties and uses. (g) properties: describes the behavior of materials when subjected to some external force or condition. 1-5Understand the two terms, Life Cycle Analysis (LCA) : products to determine their impact on the global environment. and Life Cycle Inventory (LCI); what in the main purpose of LCA? Dealing with the materials and processes involved in products in terms of cost and environmental impacts. 1-11What is the difference between design for assembly and design for disassembly? Design for assembly（装配） emphasizes(着重) easy product assembly by robots and other automated equipment; Design for disassembly is a concept that places recycling at the beginning or design stage of the materials cycle to ensure that waste going into municipal landfills will be minimized. 1-14How can the stage of recycling/disposal become the first stage in the materials cycle? Resurrection of material through recyling; 1-18Understand the term