机电专业英语第2版16Unit16电子元件在线路中怎样联接的答辩.pptVIP

How Are Electrical Elements Connected in a Circuit? Unit 16 电子元件在电路中如何连接？ Electrical Elements Testing Before Class： What the meaning of “Circuit”? (radio) How Are Electrical Elements Connected in a Circuit? How Are Electrical Elements Connected in a Circuit? There are many components that may be used in circuits: batteries, light bulbs, wires and switches. The parts of a circuit can be connected in two different ways. When they are connected such that there is a single conducting path between them, they are said to be connected in series. When circuit elements are connected across common points such that there is more than one conducting path through the circuit, they are connected in parallel. A typical electrical device is composed of many smaller series and parallel portions. In general, only very simple circuits can be entirely in series or in parallel. Series circuits A series circuit and its matching circuit diagram are shown in Fig. 16-1. Because there is only one path for charge movement through the circuit, the current is the same throughout the circuit. As electrons move through the circuit, their flow is resisted by each light bulb, so that the total resistance to charge movement is the sum of all the resistances in the path . From Ohms law (I=V／R), we know that the total current is equal to the voltage divided by the total resistance. There is a voltage drop across each bulb. The sum of the voltage drops is equal to the voltage of the power source, which in this case is a battery. Because the current is the same throughout a series circuit, the voltage drop across each light bulb is directly proportional to that bulb’s resistance. Parallel circuits A parallel circuit and its corresponding circuit diagram are shown in Fig. 16-2. Since there is more than one path for charge to flow as it moves through the circuit, the current is divided between the two bulbs. Therefore, the current is the same before the bulbs (at the node; inter