中樞神經系统解剖及功能-.ppt

中枢神经系统解剖及功能;Four Main Regions of the Brain;大脑半球;大脑半球－脑沟和脑回;半球背外侧面的沟与回;半球内侧面的沟和回;半球内侧面的沟和回;半球底面;脑 叶;脑 叶;大脑半球上面观;岛叶;CNS的灰质和白质;前脑冠状切面;大脑皮层;大脑皮层的功能和结构性分区－外侧面;大脑皮层的功能和结构性分区－内侧面;大脑皮层;Association Areas-联络区; 语言区（22、39、40、44、45） 顶后联络区（5、7 、40） 体像 颞叶联络区（20、21、37、38、22) 多种感觉整合, 概念构思 前额叶联络区（9、10、11、12、46、 47 、44、45) 判断、预见、人格;运动区 – Primary Motor Cortex;Motor Homunculus;Motor Areas – Premotor Cortex;Motor Areas – Frontal Eye Field;Motor Areas – Broca’s Area;Sensory Areas;Sensory Areas – Primary Somatosensory Cortex;Sensory Areas – Primary Somatosensory Cortex;Sensory Areas – Sensory Homunculus;Sensory Areas – Somatosensory Association Area;Sensory Areas – Primary Visual Cortex;Sensory Areas – Visual Association Areas;Sensory Areas – Ventral and Dorsal Streams;Sensory Areas – Primary Auditory Cortex;Sensory Areas – Auditory Association Areas;Sensory Areas – Gustatory Cortex;Sensory Areas – Vestibular Cortex;Sensory Areas – Olfactory Cortex;Sensory Areas – Olfactory Cortex;Association Areas – Prefrontal Cortex;Association Areas – Prefrontal Cortex;Association Areas – Insula; ?失认症 （Agnosia） 触觉失认 Tactile agnosia 视觉失认 Visual agnosia 失读 Alexia 听觉失认 Auditory agnosia ? 失用症 Apraxia ? 失语症 Aphasia Wernicke’s (receptive) aphasia Broca’s (Motor) aphasia conduction aphasia global aphasia ;患者肌肉功能正常，但不能执行随意运动 ;语言中枢– Language Area;;;Lateralization of Cortical Functioning;Lateralization of Cortical Functioning;语言 口语 书写 数学 逻辑;Cerebral White Matter;Cerebral White Matter;Corpus Callosum;Cerebral White Matter;Cerebral White Matter;Cerebral White Matter;White Matter: MRI;White Matter: Horizontal Section;Deep Gray Matter of the Cerebrum;Basal Ganglia-基底节;Basal Ganglia;Basal Ganglia;Basal Ganglia MRI;Basal Ganglia;SYDENHAM’S CHOREA－小舞蹈病;主要的病变部位 纹状体 (尤其尾状核)和大脑皮层;动作迟缓???起动和停止困难） 静止性震颤 帕金森姿势及步态 齿轮样强直;Parkinson’s Disease;Diencephalon－间脑;Diencephalon －Sagittal Section;Diencephalon－间脑;Diencephalon－Lateral View;Diencephalon－Co