语法：句子成分及简单句型范例.ppt

句子的构成;句子成分;1. I met my best friend Tom at the station yesterday.;（一）主语;（二）谓语;（三）表语;The war was over. They seem to know the truth. Time is precious. I’m not quite myself today. Who was the first? He is out of condition. The book is what I need.;（四）宾语;●.please pass me the book. ●.He bought me some flowers. ;（五）宾语补足语;主动语态变成被动语态后,宾语补足语变成主补.;定语是对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语或句子，译为‘‘……的’’;Two boys need two pens. His name is Tom. The boy in blue is Tom. The boy there needs a pen. The boy needs a ball pen. There is nothing to do today. The pen bought by her is made in China. The boy you will know is Tom. ;（七）定语;The girl in red is his sister. We have a lot of work to do. The girl standing under the tree is his daughter. Do you know the man who spoke just now? There is nothing interesting in this book.; 状语是修饰动词、形容词、副词或全句的句子成分，说明方式、因果、条件、时间、地点、让步、方向、程度、目的等;（八）状语;I waited to see you. He often went to school by bus. His parents died,leaving him an orphan. Please call me if it is necessary. This book is very interesting. He went to school in spite of his illness. He always comes late to school.;同位语 当两个指同一事物的句子成分放在同等位置时，一个句子成分用来说明和解释另一个句子成分，这个句子成分就叫做它的同位语。 We students should study hard. (students是we的同位语，都是指同一批‘学生’） We all are students. (all是we的同位语，都指同样的‘我们’） His mother Alice is a nurse. We all heard the news that our team has won.;与全句没有语法关系的句子成分叫做句子的独立成分 感叹词：oh, hello, aha, ah,等。 肯定词: yes 否定词: no 称呼语：称呼人的用语。Tom, open the door. 插入语：一些句中插入的 I think , I believe,等。 如: The story, I think, has never come to the end. 我相信, 这个故事还远没结束. ;一) 挑出下列句中的宾语 ① My brother hasnt done his homework. ② People all over the world speak English. ④ How many new words did you learn last class? ⑤ Some of the students in the school want to go swimming, how about you? ⑥ The old man sitting at the gate said he was ill.;(二) 挑出下列句中的表语 -- The old man was feeling very tired. -- The leaves have turned yellow. -- Soon They all became interested in the subject.;(三) 挑出下列句中的定语 1. What is your given name?