10-信息光学7.pdf

#7 Computational methods 1. Fresnel number and the quadratic phase The Fresnel Number represents the number of π phase shifts that occur inside the aperture as observed from the point of interest in the propagated plane z. 2π Δφ = OPD where OPD = r01 ? z λ 2π 2π 2 2 Δφ = ()r01 ? z = ( z + a ? z) πλ λ a2 ≈ λ = Fπ (using the paraxial z approximation) a2 Fresnel Number F = λz Fresnel Diffraction from a Uniformly Illuminated Circular Aperture a2 λ = 500 nm (wavelength) Fresnel Number F = Example: Plot of quadratic phase a = 250μm (aperture λz radius) A larger Fresnel number corresponds to a z distance closer to the aperture. 注意：值是0— 2π 颜色值：0--1 Matlab 程序见附录： feilier100430 Fraunhofer Approximations When the Fresnel number F 1, then the Fraunhofer approximation is valid. This means that the quadratic phase within the aperture, as seen from the point of interest in the propagated plane z, varies much less than π. a 2 Fresnel Number F = λz λ = 500 nm (wavelength) a = 250 μm (aperture radius) Phase at aperture, Fresnel: Phase at aperture, F=10 at z=12.5mm Fraunhofer: F=0.05 at 2.5m Phase at aperture, Fresnel: Phase at aperture, F=10 at z=12.5mm Fraunhofer: F=0.05 at 2.5m Matlab m-file: feilierandhu100503 Fraunhoferλ Di